Abstract:* Статья выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ №15-06-04998 «Взаимосвязь между типами предпринимательства и вариантами экономического развития региона "ресурсного типа": качественная характеристика и количественная оценка».
“…Enclave economy is weakly receptive to innovative development and hardly moves from the innovation system of "technology push" (the fundamental knowledge generated according to the state efforts) to the innovative system of "market traction" (innovations generated by the efforts of businesses) [2]. It is important to note that a full-fledged internal market has not been formed in the enclave economy; created institutions (rules of the game) are not effective and conserve prevailing situation [3].…”
“…Enclave economy is weakly receptive to innovative development and hardly moves from the innovation system of "technology push" (the fundamental knowledge generated according to the state efforts) to the innovative system of "market traction" (innovations generated by the efforts of businesses) [2]. It is important to note that a full-fledged internal market has not been formed in the enclave economy; created institutions (rules of the game) are not effective and conserve prevailing situation [3].…”
“…L.A. Tolstolesova defines a resource region as the subject of the Russian Federation (or several subjects) where mineral complex production make more than 50 % in the structure of industrial production due to its geographical location and the availability of significant natural resources [16]. Some authors attempt giving a quality definition of resource regions [17].…”
Abstract. The article considers approaches to the allocation of qualitative and quantitative criteria for the allocation of resource-type regions. An enclave character of the development trajectory of the Russian regions is shown. The authors' approach to the allocation and classification of resource regions is proposed, the dynamics of the selected groups over the period of 2005-2014 is shown.
IntroductionMuch attention has been paid to the problems of development of the resource economies and regions over the recent years. This is because most countries which have significant deposits of natural resources, including Russia, lag behind the countries not possessing such natural wealth in the pace and quality of economic growth, social development, political and economic institutions.Currently, Russia's economy is on the verge of a systemic crisis, whose key cause is the exhaustion of the resource-based model of development based on the extensive exploitation of large deposits of mineral resources (MR), especially in the energy sector, implementation of large-scale mega-projects and the activities of large export-oriented mining companies. The problem of searching for new effective models of the country's development, based on innovation and accelerated development of manufacturing industries, is paramount.The task of modernizing the mineral resource development model declared by the Government of the Russian Federation and a change in the spatial specialization are expected to solve this problem. In the new model of development, the resource type regions should be the starting point for the formation of the intensive model of the country's development. All this suggests that the analysis of resource regions is a very urgent task.The article aims at is justifying the qualitative and quantitative approach to the identification of "resource type" regions and the development of their typology.
“…In research literature, there is no general agreement as to the quantitative criteria of a 'resource-dependent' or 'oil and gas region'; instead, preference is given to qualitative criteria: for example, the distinctive feature of these regions is that their economy is reliant on the exploitation of natural resources (in our case oil and gas reserves) (see, for example, Kryukov et al, 2017). Another distinctive feature pointed out by some authors is the export orientation of this sector (Levin et al, 2015).…”
Relevance. One of the key long-term strategic goals of Russia's economic development is to increase the share of the digital and green economy in the gross product of the country and its regions. The recession caused by the pandemic has brought to the forefront the challenges of digitalization in the country's oil and gas sector, which was among the hardest hit sectors, and thus required significant effort on the part of regional governments. Research objective. This research aims to demonstrate the key role played by digitalization and environmentalization in the recovery of the Russian oil and gas regions from the pandemic. Data and methods. The study provides an overview of the Russian and international research literature on the ways to foster economic recovery and growth after the COVID-19 pandemic, including the publications of the United Nations and the World Economic Forum. Methodologically, the study relies on the empirical, general scientific methods and methods of economic statistics. We used in our calculations the data from the open-access statistical yearbook 'Russian Regions' published by Rosstat. Results The study analyzed the challenges of digitalization faced by Russian oil and gas regions to show the need for institutional transformations on the national level. We also formulated some recommendations for the improvement of the evaluation of regional governments' digitalization efforts in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the more general evaluation of the digital transformation of regional economies. Conclusions To stimulate economic growth of Russian oil and gas regions recovering from the pandemic, a viable strategy would be to place a greater emphasis on their sustainable and digital development. In the international rankings such as the EDGI Ranking presented annually by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), Russia occupies a high position in terms of e-government services and digitalization in other spheres. Nevertheless, as far as the Russian oil and gas regions are concerned, there are considerable disparities in terms of digitalization. To accelerate digital transformation, we would highly recommend to improve the methods of evaluation of the digital progress in regional government, especially to include a set of indicators characterising regional governments' responses to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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