Abstract:The economic sustainability of future mobile networks will largely depend on the strong specialization of its offered services. Network operators will need to provide added value to their tenants, by moving from the traditional one-sizefits-all strategy to a set of virtual end-to-end instances of a common physical infrastructure, named network slices, which are especially tailored to the requirements of each application. Implementing network slicing has significant consequences in terms of resource management:… Show more
“…where intermediate arrival rates λ i can be derived from (14). As a general trend, Figure 4(a) reveals that, as inter-arrival times grow (corresponding in decreasing arrival rates), the mean queue length per node diminishes, as it was to be expected.…”
Section: B Single Class Analysis (Jackson Framework)mentioning
confidence: 75%
“…It is interesting to notice that this behavior seems to be violated by the three HSSs (in particular by HSS 1 and HSS 2 ) since they exhibit the lowest service rate (or the highest service time, according to the parameters provided in Table I). This phenomenon clearly depends on the routing probabilities that, according to (14), act as weights for λ i terms and produce the global effect of reducing the mean queue length for HSS nodes. Let us now consider the mean waiting time per node E[W i ] (accumulated across all visits) that, by applying Little's theorem to (27), can be expressed as…”
Section: B Single Class Analysis (Jackson Framework)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These processes are managed through dedicated platforms such as Docker [13], typically composed of a main engine (often referred to as the container manager) and of a certain number of instances that can be easily deployed across a different set of cloud environments. Moreover, container technology is particularly suited to implement the network slicing concepts, providing a unique opportunity to assign fully dedicated resources per slice, which can in turn be dynamically reassigned to boost the cost/efficiency trade-off of the whole system [14].…”
The Next Generation 5G Networks can greatly benefit from the synergy between virtualization paradigms, such as the Network Function Virtualization (NFV), and service provisioning platforms such as the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The NFV concept is evolving towards a lightweight solution based on containers that, by contrast to classic virtual machines, do not carry a whole operating system and result in more efficient and scalable deployments. On the other hand, IMS has become an integral part of the 5G core network, for instance, to provide advanced services like Voice over LTE (VoLTE). In this paper we combine these virtualization and service provisioning concepts, deriving a containerized IMS infrastructure, dubbed cIMS, providing its assessment through statistical characterization and experimental measurements. Specifically, we: i) model cIMS through the queueing networks methodology to characterize the utilization of virtual resources under constrained conditions; ii) draw an extended version of the Pollaczek-Khinchin formula, which is useful to deal with bulk arrivals; iii) afford an optimization problem focused at maximizing the whole cIMS performance in the presence of capacity constraints, thus providing new means for the service provider to manage service level agreements (SLAs); iv) evaluate a range of cIMS scenarios, considering different queuing disciplines including also multiple job classes. An experimental testbed based on the open source platform Clearwater has been deployed to derive some realistic values of key parameters (e.g. arrival and service times).
“…where intermediate arrival rates λ i can be derived from (14). As a general trend, Figure 4(a) reveals that, as inter-arrival times grow (corresponding in decreasing arrival rates), the mean queue length per node diminishes, as it was to be expected.…”
Section: B Single Class Analysis (Jackson Framework)mentioning
confidence: 75%
“…It is interesting to notice that this behavior seems to be violated by the three HSSs (in particular by HSS 1 and HSS 2 ) since they exhibit the lowest service rate (or the highest service time, according to the parameters provided in Table I). This phenomenon clearly depends on the routing probabilities that, according to (14), act as weights for λ i terms and produce the global effect of reducing the mean queue length for HSS nodes. Let us now consider the mean waiting time per node E[W i ] (accumulated across all visits) that, by applying Little's theorem to (27), can be expressed as…”
Section: B Single Class Analysis (Jackson Framework)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These processes are managed through dedicated platforms such as Docker [13], typically composed of a main engine (often referred to as the container manager) and of a certain number of instances that can be easily deployed across a different set of cloud environments. Moreover, container technology is particularly suited to implement the network slicing concepts, providing a unique opportunity to assign fully dedicated resources per slice, which can in turn be dynamically reassigned to boost the cost/efficiency trade-off of the whole system [14].…”
The Next Generation 5G Networks can greatly benefit from the synergy between virtualization paradigms, such as the Network Function Virtualization (NFV), and service provisioning platforms such as the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The NFV concept is evolving towards a lightweight solution based on containers that, by contrast to classic virtual machines, do not carry a whole operating system and result in more efficient and scalable deployments. On the other hand, IMS has become an integral part of the 5G core network, for instance, to provide advanced services like Voice over LTE (VoLTE). In this paper we combine these virtualization and service provisioning concepts, deriving a containerized IMS infrastructure, dubbed cIMS, providing its assessment through statistical characterization and experimental measurements. Specifically, we: i) model cIMS through the queueing networks methodology to characterize the utilization of virtual resources under constrained conditions; ii) draw an extended version of the Pollaczek-Khinchin formula, which is useful to deal with bulk arrivals; iii) afford an optimization problem focused at maximizing the whole cIMS performance in the presence of capacity constraints, thus providing new means for the service provider to manage service level agreements (SLAs); iv) evaluate a range of cIMS scenarios, considering different queuing disciplines including also multiple job classes. An experimental testbed based on the open source platform Clearwater has been deployed to derive some realistic values of key parameters (e.g. arrival and service times).
“…Based on the literature, there is a diversity of network performance techniques due to unique network properties. Some applications cannot communicate their requirements, and the mapping between application requirements and network capabilities is not standard [ 38 ]. Hence, the appearance of some mechanism configurable between the applications and the network presents itself as a compelling alternative.…”
“…However, it is a crucial resource control mechanism since some applications can monopolize resources. Salvat et al [ 37 ] and Marquez et al [ 38 ] adopted a data-driven approach to quantify the efficiency of resource sharing. The authors adopted an overbooking policy, i.e., the operator allocates more resources than are actually available for the users, believing that some users will not use all resources allocated (they made an analogy with airplane and hotels companies).…”
The sixth-generation (6G) network intends to revolutionize the healthcare sector. It will offer smart healthcare (s-health) treatments and allow efficient patient remote monitoring, exposing the high potential of 6G communication technology in telesurgery, epidemic, and pandemic. Healthcare relies on 6G communication technology, diminishing barriers as time and space. S-health applications require strict network requirements, for instance, 99.999% of service reliability and 1 ms of end-to-end latency. However, it is a challenging task to manage network resources and applications towards such performance requirements. Hence, significant attention focuses on performance management as a way of searching for efficient approaches to adjust and tune network resources to application needs, assisting in achieving the required performance levels. In the literature, performance management employs techniques such as resource allocation, resource reservation, traffic shaping, and traffic scheduling. However, they are dedicated to specific problems such as resource allocation for a particular device, ignoring the heterogeneity of network devices, and communication technology. Thus, this article presents PRIMUS, a performance management architecture that aims to meet the requirements of low-latency and high-reliability in an adaptive way for s-health applications. As network slicing is central to realizing the potential of 5G–6G networks, PRIMUS manages traffic through network slicing technologies. Unlike existing proposals, it supports device and service heterogeneity based on the autonomous knowledge of s-health applications. Emulation results in Mininet-WiFi show the feasibility of meeting the s-health application requirements in virtualized environments.
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