Resource partitioning among woodpeckers in northeastern Oregon.

Evelyn, L Bull; Peterson, Steven R.; Thomas, Jack Ward

doi:10.2737/pnw-rn-444

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Contrary to our original hypothesis, however, we found cavities in snags spanning a broad range of diameters and several tree species. Some of this diversity in cavity snag characteristics may be due to differing preferences among PCE species (Bull et al, 1986). It also seems likely, though, that PCE species are flexible in their nesting requirements and select cavity snags based on the “best available” standing snag of acceptable size and wood hardness within a desired location (Lorenz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In managing snag populations after wildfire, our study suggests that a strategy that focuses on retaining snag patches containing a broad range of snag diameters (>30 cm dbh) and multiple species could be more beneficial for PCE species than a strategy that focuses primarily on large diameter snags. Diversity in snag diameters and species may promote diversity in PCE species owing to different nesting requirements (Bull et al, 1986). Snag diversity may also expand the temporal window during which snags suitable for cavity excavators are present in a patch, as species and diameter influence snag decomposition and wood decay rates.…”

Section: Cavity Snag Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Snag decomposition following stand‐replacing wildfires alters wildlife habitat use and surface woody fuels through time

Peterson

Dodson

Harrod³

2023

Ecosphere

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High‐severity wildfires create pulses of snags that serve a variety of functions as they decompose over time. Snag‐related benefits (and hazards) are often linked to specific decomposition stages, but snag decomposition rates and pathways are not well understood in many forest types. We examined temporal patterns of snag decomposition, wildlife cavity creation, and surface woody fuel dynamics in dry coniferous forests of the interior Pacific Northwest region of North America by sampling 159 forest stands within a 39‐year chronosequence of stand‐replacing wildfires in dry coniferous forests dominated by ponderosa pine and Douglas‐fir. We found that most snags broke or fell during the first 15 years after wildfire; small‐diameter snags mostly broke off at or near ground level, while many large‐diameter snags initially broke off above a height of 2 m and then remained standing for an extended period. Ponderosa pine and lodgepole pine snags fell earlier than Douglas‐fir and true fir snags of comparable diameter classes. Wildlife cavities were most common in stands surveyed 8–20 years after fire and in snags with broken tops but were not limited to large diameter snags. Cavity snag diameters ranged from 17 to 98 cm, with 64% of cavity snags having diameters between 30 and 60 cm and 22% of cavity snags having diameters >60 cm. Surface woody fuels increased as snags broke and fell, reaching maximum levels in all size classes 15–20 years after fire. The percentage of large diameter rotten woody fuels increased steadily beginning about 15 years after fire, with implications for fuel management and subsequent wildfire behavior and severity. Our study supports the proposition that fire‐killed snags represent a transient resource pulse in which the relative contribution of snags to different ecological functions varies with snag diameter, species, time since fire, and landscape position.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cavity Snag Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snag decomposition following stand‐replacing wildfires alters wildlife habitat use and surface woody fuels through time

Peterson

Dodson

Harrod³

2023

Ecosphere

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“…Kumar (2020) studied the foraging niche differentiation of 10 species of woodpeckers coexisting in Northwest India from six niche dimensions [13]. Bull (1986) surveyed eight species of woodpeckers in Oregon, USA, and observed differences in their foraging sites, foraging strategies, substrate types, and preference for obstacles [32]. Nevertheless, the foraging ecology of woodpeckers in Asia has not been studied in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging Niche Differentiation of Five Woodpecker Species in the Primitive Broadleaved Korean Pine Forests of Northeast China

Si,

Meng,

Zhong

et al. 2023

Forests

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Explaining the mechanism of the coexistence of sympatric species is an important goal of ecology. Five species of woodpeckers coexist in the broadleaved Korean pine forest of Liangshui National Nature Reserve, including the Black Woodpecker (Dryocopus martius), Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos minor), Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus), and White-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos). Woodpeckers are considered to be keystone species because of their role as ecosystem engineers, creating breeding and shelter sites for many vertebrate and invertebrate taxa. As woodpeckers are predominant in primary forests, they are sensitive to changes in forest ecosystems. To understand their coexistence mechanisms and propose conservation strategies, it is necessary to investigate their foraging niche differentiation. This study aimed to identify the foraging behavior parameters and foraging tree parameters of five woodpecker species in Liangshui Reserve from October to December. The foraging niches of five woodpecker species were observed, including the type of foraging techniques, foraging height, foraging site, foraging duration, tree species being foraged upon, diameter of the foraging tree at breast height, foraging tree height, and decay status of trees. Our results identified that there were significant differences in the overall foraging ecology of the five species of woodpecker at Liangshui Reserve. The Great Spotted Woodpecker and Lesser Spotted Woodpecker had more diverse foraging patterns and preferred to forage on live trees. The Black Woodpecker and Three-toed Woodpecker excavated and pecked at the trunks of decaying spruce and fir trees. The White-backed Woodpecker preferred to forage in broadleaved trees. The choice of foraging sites was complicated. The size of the foraging trees and decay status of trees were important bases for woodpeckers when choosing trees to forage from. Different woodpeckers achieve stable coexistence through the separation of their foraging niches. This information regarding foraging behavior and foraging tree characteristics provides a basis to study the coexistence patterns of woodpeckers. Our research into woodpecker foraging should be used to inform forest management practices, protect forest ecosystem diversities, and maintain woodpecker community diversity.

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WITHDRAWN: Assessment of Damage on Electric Transmission Wood Poles Caused by Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus)

Morneau¹,

Doucet²,

Lanoue³

2008

Environment Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management 8th International Symposium

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Resource partitioning among woodpeckers in northeastern Oregon.

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Snag decomposition following stand‐replacing wildfires alters wildlife habitat use and surface woody fuels through time

Snag decomposition following stand‐replacing wildfires alters wildlife habitat use and surface woody fuels through time

Foraging Niche Differentiation of Five Woodpecker Species in the Primitive Broadleaved Korean Pine Forests of Northeast China

WITHDRAWN: Assessment of Damage on Electric Transmission Wood Poles Caused by Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus)

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