Resource Competition Affects Plankton Community Structure; Evidence from Trait-Based Modeling

Sourisseau, Marc; Guennec, Valérie Le; Gland, Guillaume Le; Plus, Martin; Chapelle, Annie

doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00052

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Competition can manifest either indirectly through intrinsic physiological and biochemical adaptation, with the fittest species outcompeting the others (Krebs, 2001;Morin, 2009), or directly through allelopathy, mainly with species that produce chemical inhibitors (Rice, 2012). Models revealed that competition is an important factor that regulates planktonic community structure during blooms (Huisman et al, 1999;Hashioka et al, 2013;Sourisseau et al, 2017). Furthermore, field and laboratory studies identified competition among phytoplankton species during bloom (Sakshaug and Olsen, 1986;Sommer, 1988).…”

Section: Network Complexity Increases During Phytoplankton Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Microbial Food Web Networks During Phytoplankton Bloom and Non-bloom Periods: Warming Favors Smaller Organism Interactions and Intensifies Trophic Cascade

Trombetta¹,

Vidussi²,

Roques³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Microbial food web organisms are at the base of the functioning of pelagic ecosystems and support the whole marine food web. They are very reactive to environmental changes and their interactions are modified in response to different productive periods such as phytoplankton bloom and non-bloom as well as contrasted climatic years. To study ecological associations, identify potential interactions between microorganisms and study the structure of the microbial food web in coastal waters, a weekly monitoring was carried out in the Thau Lagoon on the French Mediterranean coast. The monitoring lasted from winter to late spring during two contrasting climatic years, a typical Mediterranean (2015) and a year with an extreme warm winter (2016). Correlation networks comprising 110 groups/taxa/species were constructed to characterize potential possible interactions between the microorganisms during bloom and non-bloom periods. Complex correlation networks during the bloom and dominated by negative intraguild correlations and positive correlations of phytoplankton with bacteria. Such pattern can be interpreted as a dominance of competition and mutualism. In contrast, correlation networks during the non-bloom period were less complex and mostly dominated by tintinnids associations with bacteria mostly referring to potential feeding on bacteria, which suggests a shift of biomass transfer from phytoplankton-dominated food webs during bloom to more bacterioplankton-based food webs during non-bloom. Inter-annual climatic conditions significantly modified the structure of microbial food webs. The warmer year favored relationships among smaller group/taxa/species at the expense of large phytoplankton and ciliates, possibly due to an intensification of the trophic cascade with a potential shift in energy

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Section: Network Complexity Increases During Phytoplankton Bloommentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Microbial Food Web Networks During Phytoplankton Bloom and Non-bloom Periods: Warming Favors Smaller Organism Interactions and Intensifies Trophic Cascade

Trombetta¹,

Vidussi²,

Roques³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…are defended mixotrophs and a group of organisms known to form toxic algal blooms (TAB; Burkholder et al 2008). Such blooms are usually observed under summer conditions of nutrient limitation and concurrent with the stabilization of the water column (Hakanen et al 2012, Gettings et al 2014, Sourisseau et al 2017) and the highest seasonal abundance of copepod grazers (Kiørboe and Nielsen 1994). These are the conditions that stimulate the induction of costly defense in dinoflagellates (Chakraborty et al 2018).…”

Section: The Relation Between Defense and Trophic Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition–defense tradeoff increases the diversity of microbial plankton communities and dampens trophic cascades

Cadier

Andersen

Visser

et al. 2019

Oikos

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The competition-defense tradeoff is a significant source of functional diversity in ecological communities. Here, we present a theoretical framework to describe the competition-defense tradeoff and apply it to a size-based model of a unicellular plankton community. Specifically, we investigate how the emergent community structure depends on the shape of the tradeoff, and on whether the cost of defense is paid for by a lowered resource affinity or by an elevated metabolic rate. The inclusion of defense affects the size distribution and trophic strategies of the emerging community dependent on environmental conditions (eutrophic versus oligotrophic) and leads to increased diversity in size and trophic strategy under eutrophic conditions. Eutrophic conditions allow for better-defended organisms than oligotrophic conditions. In most scenarios, competition-defense tradeoffs dampen trophic cascades in the seasonal cycle simulations, and increase the abundance of mixotrophs. We further demonstrate that it matters how the cost of defense is manifest (decreased affinity versus increased metabolic rate), and that it has a significant effect on the resulting plankton community (overall biomass, size and feeding strategy diversity), particularly when the efficiency of the defense increases in direct proportion to the investment. Our results demonstrate that the structure of the ecosystem crucially depends on details of the defense tradeoff. This finding highlights the importance of a mechanistic understanding of defense tradeoffs, e.g. obtained through experimental measurements of specific defense mechanisms.

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“…The availability of macronutrients and micronutrients play a key role in structuring the phytoplankton community (Vyverman et al 2007). Nutrient requirements within the phytoplankton community are highly variable, leading to interspecific competition for nutrient resources (Sourisseau et al 2017). As different phytoplankton groups have distinct nutrient requirements and means of nutrient acquisition, the addition of a nutrient can cause differential responses in different segments of the phytoplankton community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrients as growth limiting factors in cyanobacterial blooms; a survey of freshwaters in South East Australia

et al. 2021

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The role of trace metal micronutrients in limiting cyanobacterial growth and structuring the phytoplankton community is becoming more evident. However, little is known regarding the extent of micronutrient limitation in freshwaters or which micronutrient conditions favour potentially-toxic cyanobacteria. To assess how freshwater phytoplankton respond to micronutrient and macronutrient additions, we conducted nutrient amendment bioassays at seven sites across South Eastern-Australia. Sites were variable in cyanobacterial cell densities and phytoplankton community compositions. At two sites, Mannus Lake and Burrendong Dam, micronutrient additions (iron, cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum and zinc) increased cyanobacterial growth, indicating micronutrient limitation. Both sites had cyanobacterial blooms present at the onset of the experiment, dominated by Chrysosporum ovalisporum at Mannus Lake and Microcystis aeruginosa at Burrendong Dam. This suggests that micronutrients may be an important regulator of the severity of cyanobacterial blooms and may become limiting when there is high competition for nutrient resources. The addition of the micronutrient mixture resulted in a higher proportion of cyanobacteria compared to the control and a lower diversity community compared to phosphorus additions, indicating that micronutrients can not only influence cyanobacterial biovolume but also their ability to dominate the phytoplankton community. This reinforces that micronutrient requirements of phytoplankton are often species specific. As micronutrient enrichment is often overlooked when assessing nutrient-constraints on cyanobacterial growth, this study provides valuable insight into the conditions that may influence cyanobacterial blooms and the potential contribution of micronutrients to eutrophication.

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Resource Competition Affects Plankton Community Structure; Evidence from Trait-Based Modeling

Cited by 12 publications

References 69 publications

Marine Microbial Food Web Networks During Phytoplankton Bloom and Non-bloom Periods: Warming Favors Smaller Organism Interactions and Intensifies Trophic Cascade

Marine Microbial Food Web Networks During Phytoplankton Bloom and Non-bloom Periods: Warming Favors Smaller Organism Interactions and Intensifies Trophic Cascade

Competition–defense tradeoff increases the diversity of microbial plankton communities and dampens trophic cascades

Micronutrients as growth limiting factors in cyanobacterial blooms; a survey of freshwaters in South East Australia

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