Resource Allocation and Income Distribution in Professional Team Sports

Rottenberg, Simon

doi:10.1177/152700250000100102

Cited by 22 publications

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“…To draw conclusions based on only one tournament is precarious, however. This article amplifies the empirical basis as it incorporates data of four major soccer tournaments: the European Football Championships in 2000and 2004and the World Cups in 2002. In line with the existing literature on consumer demand in sports (e.g., see Borland & MacDonald, 2003, for an excellent review), we assume that the absolute playing strength of the opponents and the relative evenness of the competition (competitive balance) have a positive impact on TV audience figures as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Patriotism in Explaining the TV Audience of National Team Games—Evidence From Four International Tournaments

Nüesch¹,

Franck²

2009

Journal of Media Economics

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In the literature addressing the determinants of TV audiences in sports, both the absolute and relative playing strength of the opponents play a prominent role. Regarding national team competitions, however, this study conjectures that patriotism matters as well. Analyzing the Swiss TV audience at 2 World Cups and 2 European Football Championships, this study finds strong evidence that TV ratings are highly affected by the sizes of the groups of foreign residents affiliated with the teams playing on the field.

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Patriotism in Explaining the TV Audience of National Team Games—Evidence From Four International Tournaments

Nüesch¹,

Franck²

2009

Journal of Media Economics

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“…According to Rottenberg (1956), the nature of the sports industry is that for a league to be successful in selling their entertainment product, the competing teams must be of approximately equal "size," i.e., teams that are of approximately equal strength. Rottenberg (2000) further notes that for any professional team sports "the quality of a game is higher…the more uncertain its outcome before the start of play," and this applies to both individual games and which team will win the championship. The NFL has intentionally adopted policies to create competitive balance, which makes the teams of equal "size," which in turn creates greater uncertainty in the outcomes of individual games and who will win the championship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Exploration of Strategic Isomorphism: The Case of the National Football League

York

Miree

2015

AJBM

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Within any given industry, firms are faced with the pressure to strive for increased uniqueness. The purpose of the current study is to explore a phenomenon known as strategic isomorphism (or increased homogeneity among firms as a result of deliberate strategic choice). To this end, this research used seven different statistical techniques, to examine performance data within the National Football League (NFL) across fifty-three NFL seasons in an effort to determine if the NFL had isomorphic characteristics (as measured by competitive balance). In testing for presence of competitive balance in the NFL, we found a low standard deviation in winning percentage across teams in the seasons 1960-2012, indicating that the NFL has been a league of teams of nearly equal strength. From a longitudinal perspective we found that the NFL has not been dominated by a few strong teams nor has any single NFL team has been able to maintain dominance across multiple seasons. The current study is one of very few longitudinal studies that examine strategic isomorphism within a competitive context. Its results provide evidence that under certain competitive conditions, striving for increased similarity among competitors may be appropriate strategic choice.

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“…The many factors that increase sports consumption function either by increasing the entertainment value of the sporting events or by increasing consumers' attachment to the sport or both (Borland & Macdonald, 2003). Past research has repeatedly shown that sports matches are more entertaining when the level of play is high and evenly matched between the two teams or opponents (Alavy et al, 2010;Forrest et al, 2005;Peel & Thomas, 1992;Rottenberg, 2000). Meanwhile, research has also investigated several factors that facilitate increased attachment and loyalty from consumers to a sport, to a particular team within that sport, and/or to individual players of the sport (Fisher & Wakefield, 1998;Funk & James, 2001;Funk et al, 2004;Lock et al, 2011;Sutton et al, 1997).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Star Power on NBA All-Star Game TV Audience

Grimshaw

Larson

2020

Journal of Sports Economics

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Data from 16 years of NBA All-Star Games shows star power has two components. First, fans are drawn to live games featuring players whose current play is at a historically high skill level. Second, fans display attachment based on geographical proximity to a team, local superstar recognition, and team success. All-Star games are exhibitions with a roster of different levels of high skill level and attachment, while competitive games have these effects confounded and star players are sparse. The analysis uses a dynamic panel data model to account for differences in viewing between 56 Nielsen TV markets.

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Resource Allocation and Income Distribution in Professional Team Sports

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

The Role of Patriotism in Explaining the TV Audience of National Team Games—Evidence From Four International Tournaments

The Role of Patriotism in Explaining the TV Audience of National Team Games—Evidence From Four International Tournaments

A Longitudinal Exploration of Strategic Isomorphism: The Case of the National Football League

Effect of Star Power on NBA All-Star Game TV Audience

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