Resonant Raman spectroscopy and spectroelectrochemistry characterization of carbon nanotubes/polyaniline thin film obtained through interfacial polymerization

Abstract

Thin, transparent, and self‐assembled films of neat polyaniline and polyaniline/carbon nanotube nanocomposites were deposited over glass substrates by interfacial polymerization. The effect of the carbon nanotubes on the structure and conformation of the polyaniline, and the type of interaction between the polymer and the nanotubes, have been studied by resonant Raman spectroscopy and UV–Vis and Raman spectroelectrochemistry. The results indicate clearly that the carbon nanotubes induce important changes in the electronic structure of the polymer, resulting in a more polaronic organization. Additionally, an effective interaction between the polymer and the nanotube, based on a polyaniline‐to‐nanotube charge transfer, is proposed in this work. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Electrically conducting polymer nanostructures confined in anodized aluminum oxide templates (AAO)

“…First, the Raman spectrum of PANI bulk was analysed to serve as a reference, Figure 4a). The analysis of main regions of PANI-ES and their assignments are supported by data from other works [31][32][33][34]. .…”

ITO‐Free and Flexible Organic Photovoltaic Device Based on High Transparent and Conductive Polyaniline/Carbon Nanotube Thin Films

“…[ 22 , 28 ] The presence of carbon nanotubes in these green fi lms (typically of an emeraldine salt color) is demonstrated by absorption and Raman spectroscopy, presented in Figure 3 III,IV, respectively. [ 29 ] The Raman spectra of all fi lms show, besides the typical carbon nanotubes bands (D, G, and 2D), all the bands associated to the polyaniline, emeraldine salt, confi rming the occurrence of this polymer in all samples. [ 29 ] The absorption spectra of the fi lms ( Figure 3 III) contains the three primary electronic transitions of polyaniline-emeraldine salt at approximately 350, 440, and ≈ 780 nm.…”

“…[ 29 ] The Raman spectra of all fi lms show, besides the typical carbon nanotubes bands (D, G, and 2D), all the bands associated to the polyaniline, emeraldine salt, confi rming the occurrence of this polymer in all samples. [ 29 ] The absorption spectra of the fi lms ( Figure 3 III) contains the three primary electronic transitions of polyaniline-emeraldine salt at approximately 350, 440, and ≈ 780 nm. [ 9 , 30 ] The fi rst band is due the band gap of the polymer ( ≈ 3.2 eV), and the other two bands are assigned to polaronic/bipolaronic transitions created inside the gap by the acidic doping.…”

Recent advances in conjugated polymer energy storage

“…52 The appearance of new subgap energy states and formation of quinoidal structure can be observed as changes in the UV/vis and IR/Raman spectra of polymers. 49,[52][53][54][55][56] To maintain charge balance, redox reactions associated with polymer doping are concurrent with the movement of ions into and out of the polymer matrix. 59,60 Although oxidation generally results in anion movement within the film, studies have shown that under certain conditions, cation movement occurs as well.…”