Molecular-beam epitaxy grown n-type Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te epilayers (xр0. 034) and PbTe/ Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te (xр0.039) multiple-quantum-well ͑MQW͒ samples were studied by magnetoreflectivity in the Faraday configuration (Bʈ͓111͔) for magnetic fields up to 6 T at 4.2 K. Since the IV-VI lead salt compounds are quite polar semiconductors, resonant electron-longitudinal-optic-͑LO-͒ phonon coupling ͑Fröhlich cou-pling͒ modifies the cyclotron resonance ͑CR͒ energies in the Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te single epilayers for the threedimensional ͑3D͒ case. Due to the many-valley band structure two different Fröhlich coupling constants are relevant. However, the CR energies of quasi-two-dimensional ͑2D͒ carriers in PbTe wells ͓n 2D ϭ(1.5Ϫ3)ϫ10 11 cm Ϫ2 ͔ of PbTe/Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te MQW samples do not exhibit a significant resonant electron-LO-phonon interaction. This observation is attributed to finite-electron concentration effects, in particular, to a partial filling of the lowest 2D Landau spin level. The static and dynamic screening of the polar interaction are considered as well, but are ruled out as an explanation for the absence of any remarkable polaron correction to the CR energies of electrons in the PbTe quantum wells for the range of carrier concentrations investigated. The magnetoreflectivity spectra of Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te single layers and PbTe/Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te quantum well samples are simulated numerically, using a model for the dielectric response of IV-VI compounds in a magnetic field, which also includes the electron-LO-phonon interaction. The transverse and longitudinal masses, and thus also the interband momentum matrix elements are determined for Pb 1Ϫx Eu x Te as a function of the composition up to xϽ0.034. It is found that the transverse mass increases with Eu content, whereas the longitudinal one nearly stays constant. The 2D CR masses of electrons in the PbTe wells increase with decreasing well width, i.e., with increasing quantum-well interband energies, a behavior which results from the strong band nonparabolicity.