Resonant gravimetric immunosensing based on capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers

Considerations in producing preferentially reduced half-antibody fragments

“…Employing  antibodies for surface modification has become a staple technique in the development of immunosensors (Virzonis et al 2014, Chrouda et al 2015, drug-delivery systems (Wu et al, Shahbazi et al 2014) and high-sensitivity biological labels (Jaiswal et al 2003, Park et al 2014. The simplest method of coupling antibodies to surfaces is physical adsorption.…”

Surface micromachined CMUTs for liquid phase sensing

“…The high sensitivity numbers are demonstrated for the vapor, gas, humidity and biochemical sensing [1][2][3][4][5]. From the other side, flexural mode of the CMUT membranes vibration is heavily damped in the liquids, which limits the use of CMUTs for the liquid-phase sensing.…”

“…Recently interdigital CMUTs were demonstrated to be effective in excitation and reception of the Scholte type of the waves traveling at the liquid and solid interface with the good potential of sensing the liquid properties [6,7]. There are many biological and biochemical objects, used as funcional elements in biosensing, like parts of the immune complexes [4], natural or artificial phospholipid bilayers [8], which modify the mechanical properties of the sensing surface, preferably in the liquid environment. The aim of this work was to explore how the changing mechanical parameters of the surface(s) involved to the transverse waves transmission can be sensed.…”

Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical immunosensors by substrate-enhanced electroless deposition of metal nanoparticles onto three-dimensional graphene@Ni foams

“…Since the level of tumor markers in serum/tissue is closely associated with the stage of the tumor, it is very important to determine the tumor markers for cancer screening and diagnosis [1,2]. In this regard, numerous immunosensors, including electrochemical sensors [3,4], electrochemiluminescence sensors [5], fluorescence sensors [6], gravimetric sensors [7], and mass spectrometric sensors [8], have been developed for the detection of various tumor markers. Among them, the electrochemical sensors have attracted considerable attention because of their unique multiple advantages (e.g., low cost, good portability, high sensitivity) [9].…”