Resonant Correlation-Induced Optical Bistability in an Electron System on Liquid Helium

Konstantinov, Denis; Dykman, M. I.; Lea, M. J.; Monarkha, Yu. P.; Kono, Kimitoshi

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.103.096801

Cited by 43 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…A short account of the results appeared earlier. 38 We provide a theory of the frequency shift associated with electron correlations and show that this shift causes bistability and hysteresis of resonant response. We describe experimental results on the frequency shift and nonlinear absorption effects for electrons on liquid 3 He in the temperature range 0.2−0.4 K that covers both vapor-atom and ripplon scattering regimes.…”

Section: -14mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bistability and hysteresis of intersubband absorption in strongly interacting electrons on liquid helium

Konstantinov

Dykman²,

Lea

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. B

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We study nonlinear inter-subband microwave absorption of electrons bound to the liquid helium surface. Already for a comparatively low radiation intensity, resonant absorption due to transitions between the two lowest subbands is accompanied by electron overheating. The overheating results in a significant population of higher subbands. The Coulomb interaction between electrons causes a shift of the resonant frequency, which depends on the population of the excited states and thus on the electron temperature Te. The latter is determined experimentally from the electron photoconductivity. The experimentally established relationship between the frequency shift and Te is in reasonable agreement with the theory. The dependence of the shift on the radiation intensity introduces nonlinearity into the rate of the inter-subband absorption resulting in bistability and hysteresis of the resonant response. The hysteresis of the response explains the behavior in the regime of frequency modulation, which we observe for electrons on liquid 3 He and which was previously seen for electrons on liquid 4 He.

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Section: -14mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A part of the data was reported earlier. 38 The radiation power was measured at the output of the microwave source; shown in Fig. 3 is the ratio of the applied power (in decibel) to the maximum power, which was approximately 1 mW.…”

Section: A Resistivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bistability and hysteresis of intersubband absorption in strongly interacting electrons on liquid helium

Konstantinov

Dykman²,

Lea

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. B

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“…There are also other contributions to the T = 0-level shift. They include the effect of the electron correlations [11,40], the intraband polaronic shift [22] and, last but not least, the finite steepness and height of the barrier for electron penetration into the liquid helium [4,[16][17][18][19]. It is important that, as it follows from the previous work and from Eq.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the shape of the wave function of the low lying states at distances < 1Å from the surface is not known either. However, we can find the contribution of the highly excited states to the level shift using the sum rules (11).…”

Section: The Wkb Wave Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ripplonic Lamb Shift for Electrons on Liquid Helium

et al. 2017

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We study the shift of the energy levels of electrons on helium surface due to the coupling to the quantum field of surface vibrations. As in quantum electrodynamics, the coupling is known, and it is known to lead to an ultraviolet divergence of the level shifts. We show that there are diverging terms of different nature and use the Bethe-type approach to show that they cancel each other, to the leading-order. This resolves the long-standing theoretical controversy and explains the existing experiments. The results allow us to study the temperature dependence of the level shift. The predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data.Electrons above the surface of liquid helium were one of the first observed two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs) [1][2][3][4]. In this system the conceptual simplicity is combined with far from trivial behavior, which allows studying many-body effects in a well-characterized setting. The system displays the highest mobility known for 2DESs, exceeding 2 × 10 8 cm 2 /(V·s) [5] and can be exquisitely well controlled [6]. The electron-electron interaction is typically strong, so that the electrons can form a Wigner solid [7,8] or a strongly correlated liquid with unusual transport properties [9,10]. A number of new many-electron phenomena have been found recently [11][12][13][14][15].An advantageous feature of the system is the simple form of the confining potential. It is formed by the high Pauli barrier at the helium surface and the image potential. One then expects the electron energy spectrum to be well understood. Indeed, already the first experiment on transitions between the subbands of quantized motion normal to the surface showed a good, albeit imperfect agreement with the model [4]. Much work has been done on improving, sometimes empirically, the form of the confining potential, cf. [4,[16][17][18][19]. On the other hand, it has been known that the electrons are also coupled to a bosonic field, the capillary waves on the surface of helium (ripplons), and that this coupling affects the electron energy spectrum [20][21][22][23][24]. The importance of this effect was demonstrated in explaining the Wigner crystallization [8,25] and through cyclotron-resonance measurements [26].In terms of the coupling to a bosonic field, electrons on helium are a close condensed-matter analog of systems studied in quantum electrodynamics. The known form of the coupling [27] and the possibility to control it and to study the interplay of this coupling with the manyelectron effects make the system particularly attractive. In this context, a major problem is that the ripploninduced shift of the electron energy levels of motion normal to the surface contains diverging terms. They come from short-wavelength ripplons. The ultraviolet divergence is strong, as a high power of the wave number. Unless one deals with it carefully, the resulting level shifts become comparable to the electron binding energy for a short-wavelength cutoff approaching twice the interatomic distance. The problem bears ...

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Self-Sustained Microwave Absorption Induced by Extremely High Radiation Intensities in Surface Electrons on Liquid Helium

Konstantinov

Kono

2009

J Low Temp Phys

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A new nonlinear-optical absorption effect is observed in electrons bound to the liquid helium surface. We study absorption of mm-wave radiation due to resonant excitation of electron bound states. Below 1 K, almost all electrons occupy the ground state. Therefore, the system should be transparent for resonant radiation connecting any two excited states. On the contrary, we observe strong absorption peaks associated with transitions between the first excited and the higher excited states. We show that this anomaly results from the bistability of the electron system induced by extremely high radiation intensities and the long electron relaxation time.

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Resonant Correlation-Induced Optical Bistability in an Electron System on Liquid Helium

Cited by 43 publications

References 31 publications

Bistability and hysteresis of intersubband absorption in strongly interacting electrons on liquid helium

Bistability and hysteresis of intersubband absorption in strongly interacting electrons on liquid helium

Ripplonic Lamb Shift for Electrons on Liquid Helium

Self-Sustained Microwave Absorption Induced by Extremely High Radiation Intensities in Surface Electrons on Liquid Helium

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