A systematic study of the high-pressure (HP) effect on the Raman and infrared (IR) spectra of the cis and trans isomers of polyacetylene (PA) is presented. The experiments were performed in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) up to 9.6 GPa. The pressure-dependent Raman resonance effect observed for cis-PA was used to estimate the pressure dependence of the energy gap (E g ) for this isomer. The calculated pressure derivative at zero pressure, dE g /dP = −0.12 eV GPa −1 , is the same as that for the trans isomer, estimated from previous results for optical absorption measurements. This is consistent with the idea that the relevant effect of moderated pressures on the PA structure should be the reduction of the interchain distance, which leads to increased interchain coupling that would affect both isomers in a similar way. Furthermore, the IR spectra indicated the onset of structural modifications on both isomers at pressures above 5 GPa. These structural transitions are reversible in the case of trans-PA and irreversible for cis-PA.