Resolving the integral connection between pedogenesis and landscape evolution

Minasny, Budiman; Finke, Peter; Stockmann, Uta; Vanwalleghem, Tom; McBratney, Alex B.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.07.004

Cited by 78 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…The terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide 10 Be is often used to quantify soil production and denudation rates (Stockmann et al ., ; Minasny et al ., ). The calculations are based on the model of Nishiizumi et al .…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…With respect to soil mass, 'soil production' designates the gross production (Egli et al, 2014) whereas 'soil formation' (or 'soil development') describes the net effect ( Figure 1). Usually, soil production is understood to mean the conversion rate of bedrock to soil, predominately caused by the mechanical disruption or physical weathering of bedrock (Heimsath et al, 1997;Minasny et al, 2015). However, assigning the term 'soil production' only to the conversion of bedrock material into soil is incomplete.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The steady-state approach and its limitations Calculation of soil production and soil denudation rates based on in situ 10 Be The terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide 10 Be is often used to quantify soil production and denudation rates (Stockmann et al, 2014;Minasny et al, 2015). The calculations are based on the model of Nishiizumi et al (1991).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil formation and weathering in a permafrost environment of the Swiss Alps: a multi‐parameter and non‐steady‐state approach

Zollinger

Alewell

Kneisel

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Spatially discontinuous permafrost conditions frequently occur in the European Alps. How soils under such conditions have evolved and how they may react to climate warming is largely unknown. This study focuses on the comparison of nearby soils that are characterised by the presence or absence of permafrost (active‐layer thickness: 2–3 m) in the alpine (tundra) and subalpine (forest) range of the Eastern Swiss Alps using a multi‐method (geochemical and mineralogical) approach. Moreover, a new non‐steady‐state concept was applied to determine rates of chemical weathering, soil erosion, soil formation, soil denudation, and soil production. Long‐term chemical weathering rates, soil formation and erosion rates were assessed by using immobile elements, fine‐earth stocks and meteoric 10Be. In addition, the weathering index (K + Ca)/Ti, the amount of Fe‐ and Al‐oxyhydroxides and clay minerals characteristics were considered. All methods indicated that the differences between permafrost‐affected and non‐permafrost‐affected soils were small. Furthermore, the soils did not uniformly differ in their weathering behaviour. A tendency towards less intense weathering in soils that were affected by permafrost was noted: at most sites, weathering rates, the proportion of oxyhydroxides and the weathering stage of clay minerals were lower in permafrost soils. In part, erosion rates were higher at the permafrost sites and accounted for 79–97% of the denudation rates. In general, soil formation rates (8.8–86.7 t/km2/yr) were in the expected range for Alpine soils. Independent of permafrost conditions, it seems that the local microenvironment (particularly vegetation and subsequently soil organic matter) has strongly influenced denudation rates. As the climate has varied since the beginning of soil evolution, the conditions for soil formation and weathering were not stable over time. Soil evolution in high Alpine settings is complex owing to, among others, spatio‐temporal variations of permafrost conditions and thus climate. This makes predictions of future behaviour very difficult. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil formation and weathering in a permafrost environment of the Swiss Alps: a multi‐parameter and non‐steady‐state approach

Zollinger

Alewell

Kneisel

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…climate change) (Cohen et al ., ). For example, soil texture, soil organic carbon and surface stone cover can affect landscape evolution dynamics and the spatial variation and magnitude of erosion (Minasny et al ., ). In an eroding landscape, the bedrock–saprolite contact is closer to the surface, which in turn accelerates soil formation (Heimsath et al ., ) from bioturbation, uprooting of bedrock material (Phillips & Marion, ), more intense chemical weathering and more active physical weathering (Anderson et al ., ).…”

Section: Mechanistic Pedological Models In Dsmmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Some studies of soil-landscape modelling work with a hypothetical landscape based on an assumption of a steady-state condition, and validation of soil-landscape models with limited field data (Braun et al, 2016;Minasny et al, 2015). Willgoose & Sharmeen (2006) developed a physically based model named ARMOUR to simulate spatial and temporal changes of armouring (the process of surface coarsening) and weathering processes on a one-dimensional hillslope.…”

Section: Mechanistic Pedological Models In Dsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedology and digital soil mapping (DSM)

Minasny

Malone

et al. 2019

European J Soil Science

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148

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Pedology focuses on understanding soil genesis in the field and includes soil classification and mapping. Digital soil mapping (DSM) has evolved from traditional soil classification and mapping to the creation and population of spatial soil information systems by using field and laboratory observations coupled with environmental covariates. Pedological knowledge of soil distribution and processes can be useful for digital soil mapping. Conversely, digital soil mapping can bring new insights to pedogenesis, detailed information on vertical and lateral soil variation, and can generate research questions that were not considered in traditional pedology. This review highlights the relevance and synergy of pedology in soil spatial prediction through the expansion of pedological knowledge. We also discuss how DSM can support further advances in pedology through improved representation of spatial soil information. Some major findings of this review are as follows: (a) soil classes can be mapped accurately using DSM, (b) the occurrence and thickness of soil horizons, whole soil profiles and soil parent material can be predicted successfully with DSM techniques, (c) DSM can provide valuable information on pedogenic processes (e.g. addition, removal, transformation and translocation), (d) pedological knowledge can be incorporated into DSM, but DSM can also lead to the discovery of knowledge, and (e) there is the potential to use process‐based soil–landscape evolution modelling in DSM. Based on these findings, the combination of data‐driven and knowledge‐based methods promotes even greater interactions between pedology and DSM. Highlights Demonstrates relevance and synergy of pedology in soil spatial prediction, and links pedology and DSM. Indicates the successful application of DSM in mapping soil classes, profiles, pedological features and processes. Shows how DSM can help in forming new hypotheses and gaining new insights about soil and soil processes. Combination of data‐driven and knowledge‐based methods recommended to promote greater interactions between DSM and pedology.

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Pedotransfer Functions in Earth System Science: Challenges and Perspectives

Looy

Bouma

Herbst

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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368

297

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Soil, through its various functions, plays a vital role in the Earth's ecosystems and provides multiple ecosystem services to humanity. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are simple to complex knowledge rules that relate available soil information to soil properties and variables that are needed to parameterize soil processes. In this paper, we review the existing PTFs and document the new generation of PTFs developed in the different disciplines of Earth system science. To meet the methodological challenges for a successful application in Earth system modeling, we emphasize that PTF development has to go hand in hand with suitable extrapolation and upscaling techniques such that the PTFs correctly represent the spatial heterogeneity of soils. PTFs should encompass the variability of the estimated soil property or process, in such a way that the estimation of parameters allows for validation and can also confidently provide for extrapolation and upscaling purposes capturing the spatial variation in soils. Most actively pursued recent developments are related to parameterizations of solute transport, heat exchange, soil respiration, and organic carbon content, root density, and vegetation water uptake. Further challenges are to be addressed in parameterization of soil erosivity and land use change impacts at multiple scales. We argue that a comprehensive set of PTFs can be applied throughout a wide range of disciplines of Earth system science, with emphasis on land surface models. Novel sensing techniques provide a true breakthrough for this, yet further improvements are necessary for methods to deal with uncertainty and to validate applications at global scale.

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Resolving the integral connection between pedogenesis and landscape evolution

Cited by 78 publications

References 179 publications

Soil formation and weathering in a permafrost environment of the Swiss Alps: a multi‐parameter and non‐steady‐state approach

Soil formation and weathering in a permafrost environment of the Swiss Alps: a multi‐parameter and non‐steady‐state approach

Pedology and digital soil mapping (DSM)

Pedotransfer Functions in Earth System Science: Challenges and Perspectives

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