Resolving the Identity Dilemmas of Western Healthcare in Africa: Towards Ethical and Pragmatic Approaches

Afolabi, M O S

doi:10.1163/24683949-12340080

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is also important to identify other possible components. For instance, while SBJS is prepared from the leaf sheaths of S. bicolor, a 2 kD, the cationic, amphipathic, and virucidal peptide has been isolated from Sorghum seeds, which binds and masks essential viral envelope proteins [123][124][125] . As such, it is important to determine whether the same protein is present in Sorghum's leaf sheaths and, if so, to evaluate its concentration and investigate what contributory role (in terms of antagonistic or synergistic activities) the peptide may play in the potential health benefits of SBJS.…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Direction For Further Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evidence-based Systematic Review of Pleiotropic Potential Health Benefits of Sorghum bicolor Supplement: A Polyphenol-rich Derivative of the Leaf Sheaths of Sorghum Plant

Adebesin,

Omogbiya,

Oluwole

et al. 2024

JNR

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Globally, across different cultures, humans have historically depended largely on medicinal plants for managing diseases that have hitherto threatened their optimal health, survival, and longevity. Evidently, the health-derived benefits of medicinal plants have been strongly attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites, particularly polyphenols. The potential health benefits of the leaf sheaths of the West African variety of Sorghum bicolor-based Jobelyn Supplement (SBJS) have also been ascribed to its high contents of polyphenols. This systematic review seeks to synthetically harmonize findings from various experimental and clinical studies on the health benefits of SBJS in different disease conditions including arthritis, cancer, chronic viral infections, stroke, anaemia, and premature aging. A systematic search was conducted using three primary databases (PubMed, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library), to identify published articles on therapeutic potentials of SBJS and ethnomedicinal surveys on the application of the West African variety of S. bicolor using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) standard. The inclusion criteria were experimental and clinical studies conducted on SBJS and West African variety of S. bicolor; while ethnomedicinal surveys were on the therapeutic uses of the West African variety of S. bicolor published in the English language. The review provides valuable information suggesting that SBJS possesses pleiotropic therapeutic potentials in diverse pathological conditions through mechanisms relating to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, chemopreventive, and neuroprotective activities. The review also showed that SBJS contains several bioactive substances with polyvalent pharmacological potentials including modulation of pathological mechanisms involved in the mediation of aging and age-related diseases, such as arthritis, stroke, memory loss and cancer as well as chronic viral infections. Taken together, these findings further suggest the need for more robust studies (including disease-specific clinical trial programs) in order to replicate and validate the prior insights gleaned from previous investigations on SBJS.

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Section: Future Perspectives and Direction For Further Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evidence-based Systematic Review of Pleiotropic Potential Health Benefits of Sorghum bicolor Supplement: A Polyphenol-rich Derivative of the Leaf Sheaths of Sorghum Plant

Adebesin,

Omogbiya,

Oluwole

et al. 2024

JNR

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“…Indeed, the rhetoric of social value is not just an ethical benchmark for Western-based research, 33 but extends to contexts where non-western drugs and phytomedicines are being evaluated via clinical trials. 34 In the context of clinical research, methods that minimise the allocation of research participants to an inferior treatment are ethically appealling 22 and aligns, prima facie, with the moral principle that requires physician investigators to maximise benefit (beneficence) and reduce harm (non-maleficence). 13 Harm reduction has been previously reported in PADs.…”

Section: Scientific/social Value Of Paediatric Adaptive Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ethical Challenges Of Adaptive Designs In Paediatric Clinica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-static framework for understanding adaptive designs: an ethical justification in paediatric trials

Afolabi

Kelly

2021

J Med Ethics

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Many drugs used in paediatric medicine are off-label. There is a rising call for the use of adaptive clinical trial designs (ADs) in responding to the need for safe and effective drugs given their potential to offer efficiency and cost-effective benefits compared with traditional clinical trials. ADs have a strong appeal in paediatric clinical trials given the small number of available participants, limited understanding of age-related variability and the desire to limit exposure to futile or unsafe interventions. Although the ethical value of adaptive trials has increasingly come under scrutiny, there is a paucity of literature on the ethical dilemmas that may be associated with paediatric adaptive designs (PADs). This paper highlights some of these ethical concerns around safety, scientific/social value and caregiver/guardian comprehension of the trial design. Against this background, the paper develops a non-static conceptual lens for understanding PADs. It shows that ADs are epistemically open and reduce some of the knowledge-associated uncertainties inherent in clinical trials as well as fast-track the time to draw conclusions about the value of evaluated drugs/treatments. On this note, the authors argue that PADs are ethically justifiable given they (1) have multiple layers of safety, exposing enrolled children to lesser potential risks, (2) create social/scientific value generally and for paediatric populations in particular, (3) specifically foster the flourishing of paediatric populations and (4) can significantly improve paediatric trial efficiency when properly designed and implemented. However, because PADs are relatively new and their regulatory, ethical and logistical characteristics are yet to be clarified in some jurisdictions, the cooperation of various public and private stakeholders is required to ensure that the interests of children, their caregivers and parents/guardians are best served while exposing paediatric research subjects to the most minimal of risks when they are enrolled in paediatric trials that use ADs.

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Social Inequality and Human Genome Editing: A Nuanced Analysis of the Ubuntuan Ethical Prism

Afolabi

Sodeke

2023

The American Journal of Bioethics

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Resolving the Identity Dilemmas of Western Healthcare in Africa: Towards Ethical and Pragmatic Approaches

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

An Evidence-based Systematic Review of Pleiotropic Potential Health Benefits of <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> Supplement: A Polyphenol-rich Derivative of the Leaf Sheaths of <i>Sorghum</i> Plant

An Evidence-based Systematic Review of Pleiotropic Potential Health Benefits of <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> Supplement: A Polyphenol-rich Derivative of the Leaf Sheaths of <i>Sorghum</i> Plant

Non-static framework for understanding adaptive designs: an ethical justification in paediatric trials

Social Inequality and Human Genome Editing: A Nuanced Analysis of the Ubuntuan Ethical Prism

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