Resolving relationships between several Neolithic and Mesolithic populations in Northern Eurasia using geometric morphometrics

Булыгина, Е. С.; Rasskasova, Anna; Berezina, Natalia; Soficaru, Andrei

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23264

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…Current patterns of modern human craniofacial diversity evolved by a combination of both neutral and selective processes. Connections between craniofacial morphology, climate, as well as genetic and geographical similarities have long been investigated by various multivariate statistical approaches [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][11][12][13] . Several of these studies indicated that the neurocranium and upper face partly track neutral genetic and molecular distances, while midfacial shape also reflects climate 3,11 .…”

Section: Modern Population Evidence Of Craniofacial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Adaptation to Climate in Upper Palaeolithic Modern Humans: The Case of Sungir and Mladeč.

Stansfield¹,

Mitterœcker²,

Vasilyev³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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When our human ancestors migrated out of Africa, they faced a considerably harsher climate, but the extent to which human cranial morphology has adapted to climate is still debated. In particular, it remains unclear when such facial adaptations arose in human populations. Here, we explore climate-associated features of face shape in a worldwide modern human sample using 3D geometric morphometrics and a novel application of reduced rank regression. Based on these data, we assess climate adaptations in two crucial Upper Palaeolithic human fossils, Sungir and Mladeč, both of which have been archaeologically associated with a boreal-to-temperate climate. We found several aspects of face shape, especially the relative dimensions of the external and internal nose as well as of the maxillary sinuses, that are strongly associated with temperature and humidity, even after accounting for auto-correlation due to geographical proximity of populations. For these features, both fossils revealed adaptations to a dry environment, with Sungir being strongly associated with cold and Mladeč with warm-to-hot temperatures. As both fossils are dated among the earliest recent modern humans in Europe, our results suggest a relatively fast rate of climate adaptation in human respiratory morphology.

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Section: Modern Population Evidence Of Craniofacial Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Adaptation to Climate in Upper Palaeolithic Modern Humans: The Case of Sungir and Mladeč.

Stansfield¹,

Mitterœcker²,

Vasilyev³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Diachronic changes in craniofacial morphology among the middle–late Holocene populations from Hehuang region, Northwest China

Liu

Temple

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: This study analyzes craniofacial shape variation in the Hehuang region of Northwest China within a population genetic framework, and takes a diachronic approach to explore the relationship betwee cultural discontinuity and biological continuity/discontinuity in the Hehuang region during the middle to late Holocene. Materials and methods:The sample comprises 76 adult skulls from five archaeological sites, ranging from 4,500 to 1,530 BP. 3D geometric morphometrics, multivariate statistics, quantitative evolutionary genetic and biodistance analyses were performed to study the diachronic variation in craniofacial morphology. Analyses were performed on two cranial modules: the face and the cranial vault, across three major diachronic groups representing the late Neolithic (LNA), the Bronze Age (BA), and the Han-Jin dynasty (HD).Results: Average regional F ST for both cranial modules was low, indicating relatively greater variation within diachronic groups than among them. While the LNA and BA groups did not show any significant differences in facial and vault shape, significant craniofacial shape changes were detected between the BA and HD groups. Discussion: The consistent craniofacial morphology during the LNA and the BA, and the shift in morphology between the BA and the HD indicates that cultural discontinuity does not always coincide with biological discontinuity. The Hehuang population evolved in situ with few changes, despite cultural and dietary changes, until the HD when migrations from the Central Plains are associated with extra-local gene flow to the area. K E Y W O R D S 3D geometric morphometrics, Hehuang region, population history, skull morphology

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Respiratory adaptation to climate in modern humans and Upper Palaeolithic individuals from Sungir and Mladeč

Stansfield

Mitterœcker

Vasilyev

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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As our human ancestors migrated into Eurasia, they faced a considerably harsher climate, but the extent to which human cranial morphology has adapted to this climate is still debated. In particular, it remains unclear when such facial adaptations arose in human populations. Here, we explore climate-associated features of face shape in a worldwide modern human sample using 3D geometric morphometrics and a novel application of reduced rank regression. Based on these data, we assess climate adaptations in two crucial Upper Palaeolithic human fossils, Sungir and Mladeč, associated with a boreal-to-temperate climate. We found several aspects of facial shape, especially the relative dimensions of the external nose, internal nose and maxillary sinuses, that are strongly associated with temperature and humidity, even after accounting for autocorrelation due to geographical proximity of populations. For these features, both fossils revealed adaptations to a dry environment, with Sungir being strongly associated with cold temperatures and Mladeč with warm-to-hot temperatures. These results suggest relatively quick adaptative rates of facial morphology in Upper Palaeolithic Europe.

show abstract

Resolving relationships between several Neolithic and Mesolithic populations in Northern Eurasia using geometric morphometrics

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Respiratory Adaptation to Climate in Upper Palaeolithic Modern Humans: The Case of Sungir and Mladeč.

Respiratory Adaptation to Climate in Upper Palaeolithic Modern Humans: The Case of Sungir and Mladeč.

Diachronic changes in craniofacial morphology among the middle–late Holocene populations from Hehuang region, Northwest China

Respiratory adaptation to climate in modern humans and Upper Palaeolithic individuals from Sungir and Mladeč

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