Resolving problems with the origin of Las Cañadas caldera (Tenerife, Canary Islands): Los Roques de García Formation—Part of a major debris avalanche or an in situ, stratified, edifice-building succession?

Martı́, Joan; Soriano, Carles; Galindo, Inés; Fernand, Raymond Alexander

doi:10.1130/2010.2464(06)

Cited by 6 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The relative contributions of lateral flank and vertical caldera collapses in producing the current geomorphology of Tenerife remain uncertain. Indeed, the origin of the current Cañadas Caldera is debated strongly between either lateral [ Ancochea et al , 1990, 1998, 1999; Carracedo , 1994; Watts and Masson , 1995, 1998, 2001; Cantagrel et al , 1999; Arnaud et al , 2001; Masson et al , 2002] or vertical collapse [ Ridley , 1971; Martí et al , 1994, 1997; Bryan et al , 1998; Martí and Gudmundsson , 2000; Coppo et al , 2008, 2009; Martí and Soriano , 2010]; although it is likely that these two processes are interlinked.…”

Section: Previous Work On Tenerife Landslides and Their Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentological and geochemical evidence for multistage failure of volcanic island landslides: A case study from Icod landslide on north Tenerife, Canary Islands

Hunt¹,

Wynn²,

Masson³

et al. 2011

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

176

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[1] Volcanic island landslides can pose a significant geohazard through landslide-generated tsunamis. However, a lack of direct observations means that factors influencing tsunamigenic potential of landslides remain poorly constrained. The study of distal turbidites generated from past landslides can provide useful insights into key aspects of the landslide dynamics and emplacement process, such as total event volume and whether landslides occurred as single or multiple events. The northern flank of Tenerife has undergone multiple landslide events, the most recent being the Icod landslide dated at $165 ka. The Icod landslide generated a turbidite with a deposit volume of $210 km 3 , covering 355,000 km 2 of seafloor off northwest Africa. The Icod turbidite architecture displays a stacked sequence of seven normally graded sand and mud intervals (named subunits SBU1-7). Evidence from subunit bulk geochemistry, volume, basal grain size, volcanic glass composition and sand mineralogy, combined with petrophysical and geophysical data, suggests that the subunit facies represents multistage retrogressive failure of the Icod landslide. The basal subunits (SBU1-3) indicate that the first three stages of the landslide had a submarine component, whereas the upper subunits (SBU4-7) originated above sea level. The presence of thin, non-bioturbated, mud intervals between subunit sands suggests a likely time interval of at least several days between each stage of failure. These results have important implications for tsunamigenesis from such landslides, as multistage retrogressive failures, separated by several days and with both a submarine and subaerial component, will have markedly lower tsunamigenic potential than a single-block failure.

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Section: Previous Work On Tenerife Landslides and Their Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentological and geochemical evidence for multistage failure of volcanic island landslides: A case study from Icod landslide on north Tenerife, Canary Islands

Hunt¹,

Wynn²,

Masson³

et al. 2011

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

176

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“…Two contrasting theories have been put forward to explain the origin of the Las Cañadas caldera. Some workers propose a vertical collapse mechanism [ Martí et al , 1997; Martí and Gudmundsson , 2000; Coppo et al , 2008; Gottsmann et al , 2008; Martí et al , 2010], while others favor a side collapse followed by a giant landslide [ Navarro and Coello , 1989; Ancochea et al , 1998, 1999; Cantagrel et al , 1999]. See Blanco‐Montenegro et al , 2011, for a review.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resolution 3D P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain) based on tomographic inversion of active‐source data

et al. 2012

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[1] We present a high resolution 3 dimensional (3D) P wave velocity model for Tenerife Island, Canaries, covering the top of Teide volcano (3,718 m a.s.l.) down to around 8 km below sea level (b.s.l). The tomographic inversion is based on a large data set of travel times obtained from a 3D active seismic experiment using offshore shots (air guns) recorded at more than 100 onshore seismic stations. The obtained seismic velocity structure is strongly heterogeneous with significant (up to 40%) lateral variations. The main volcanic structure of the Las Cañadas-Teide-Pico Viejo Complex (CTPVC) is characterized by a high P wave velocity body, similar to many other stratovolcanoes. The presence of different high P wave velocity regions inside the CTPVC may be related to the geological and volcanological evolution of the system. The presence of high P wave velocities at the center of the island is interpreted as evidence for a single central volcanic source for the formation of Tenerife. Furthermore, reduced P wave velocities are found in a small confined region in CTPVC and are more likely related to hydrothermal alteration, as indicated by the existence of fumaroles, than to the presence of a magma chamber beneath the system. In the external regions, surrounding CTPVC a few lower P wave velocity regions can be interpreted as fractured zones, hydrothermal alterations, porous materials and thick volcaniclastic deposits.Citation: García-Yeguas, A., I. Koulakov, J. M. Ibáñez, and A. Rietbrock (2012), High resolution 3D P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain) based on tomographic inversion of active-source data,

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“…6) gives one of the clues to understanding the origin of the Las Cañadas caldera, as we will see later in this review. Its stratigraphy is concordant with the rest of the caldera wall and was established by Martí et al (2010) who identified several formations composed of primary pyroclastic deposits and reworked sediments, which from base to top include: the Los Roques de García Formation and the Los Azulejos Formation, both belonging to the Lower Group, as well as the lower part of the Ucanca Formation. The Los Roques de García Formation occupies the main part of the Los Roques de García spur and includes proximal facies of pyroclastic (Lower Member) and sedimentary (epiclastic) (Upper Member) deposits, predominantly breccias, all of them intruded by a dense network of phonolitic dikes and necks.…”

Section: Las Cañadas Calderamentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Most of the authors who have studied the Las Cañadas edifice agree on the existence of various volcanic cycles during the construction of this volcanic complex (Furster et al, 1968;Araña, 1971;Ancochea et al, 1990Ancochea et al, , 1999Ibarrola et al, 1993;Martí et al, 1994Martí et al, , 2010Bryan et al, 1998;Huertas et al, 2002;Martí and Gudmundsson, 2000;Zafrilla, 2001;Soriano et al, 2002Soriano et al, , 2006Brown et al, 2003;Edgar et al, 2007). The eruptive activity of the Las Cañadas edifice has been suggested to have begun after an interruption in the construction of the basaltic shield and following an important erosive period (about > 3.5 Ma) (Ancochea et al, 1990;Martí et al, 1994).…”

Section: The Las Cañadas Edificementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the most characteristic aspects of the evolution of Tenerife, as it happens on other volcanic ocean islands, is the existence of constructive (accumulation of volcanic materials) and destructive episodes (caldera collapses, sector collapses , and erosion). Caldera collapses and sector collapses involve mass movements of tens to hundreds of cubic kilometres (e.g., Martí et al, 1994;Brown et al, 2003;Martí et al, 2010;Edgar et al, 2007Edgar et al, , 2017Carracedo, 1994;Masson, 1995, 2001;Ablay and Hurlimann, 2000;Hurlimann et al, 2004;Hunt et al, 2011Hunt et al, , 2013aHunt et al, , 2013b . Although the existence of both processes is well demonstrated, the exact causes by which they originate as well as their spatial-temporal relationships, are still unclear.…”

Section: Geological Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Las Cañadas caldera, Tenerife, Canary Islands: A review, or the end of a long volcanological controversy

Martı́

2019

Earth-Science Reviews

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The Las Cañadas caldera is one of the best exposed volcanic calderas in the world and one of the few known evolved alkaline volcanoes. It truncates the pre-Teide-Pico Viejo central volcanic edifice, the Las Cañadas edifice, which started to take shape at the end of the formation of a large basaltic shield that forms the main part of island of Tenerife. Historically, the origin of the Las Cañadas caldera has been controversial, as it has been interpreted as the result of either multiple vertical collapses or due to a giant sector collapse. The available stratigraphical, structural, volcanological, geochronological, and geophysical data, as well as its comparison to other well-known collapse calderas should not offer any doubt as to its direct relationship with a long history of phonolitic explosive volcanism. However, the existence of large landslide events on Tenerife, which have significantly modified the flanks of the Las Cañadas volcano, have also been used as a potential explanation for the origin of the Las Cañadas depression. This contribution reviews the available information on the Las Cañadas caldera, the causes of this controversy, and rationalises the most plausible explanation for the origin of Las Cañadas caldera based on the current evidence gathered from all previous studies.

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Resolving problems with the origin of Las Cañadas caldera (Tenerife, Canary Islands): Los Roques de García Formation—Part of a major debris avalanche or an in situ, stratified, edifice-building succession?

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Sedimentological and geochemical evidence for multistage failure of volcanic island landslides: A case study from Icod landslide on north Tenerife, Canary Islands

Sedimentological and geochemical evidence for multistage failure of volcanic island landslides: A case study from Icod landslide on north Tenerife, Canary Islands

High resolution 3D P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain) based on tomographic inversion of active‐source data

Las Cañadas caldera, Tenerife, Canary Islands: A review, or the end of a long volcanological controversy

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