Given a prime power q and a positive integer n, let F q n denote the finite field with q n elements. Also let a, b be arbitrary members of the ground field F q . We investigate the existence of a non-zero element ξ ∈ F q n such that ξ + ξ −1 is primitive and T (ξ) = a, T (ξ −1 ) = b, where T (ξ) denotes the trace of ξ in F q . This was a question intended to be addressed by Cao and Wang in 2014. Their work dealt instead with another problem already in the literature. Our solution deals with all values of n ≥ 5.A related study involves the cubic extension F q 3 of F q . We show that when either q ≥ 8 • 10 12 or q 3 − 1 has at least 24 distinct prime factors, then, for any a ∈ F q we can find a primitive element ξ ∈ F q 3 such that ξ + ξ −1 is also a primitive element of F q 3 , and for which the trace of ξ is equal to a. The improves a result of Cohen and Gupta. Along the way we prove a hybridised lower bound on prime divisors in various residue classes, which may be of interest to related existence questions.