Resolving acute inflammation; what happens when inflammation goes haywire? How can it get back in line?

Cecconello, Chiara; Ribas, Pol Clària; Norling, Lucy V.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822130-3.00018-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…They also produce resolvins, protectins, and maresins, which are needed for the negative feedback signaling necessary to resolve the acute inflammatory and innate immune response, which is necessary both to address the threat (in this case, SARS co-V2 infection) and to perform the reconnaissance necessary to stimulate the adaptive immune response necessary to prevent future damage [ 44 ]. They also prevent the organism from entering a state of chronic inflammation in which mounting another effective inflammatory/innate immune response is virtually impossible [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Related Inflammation Is Associated with Worse COVID-19 Outcomes in the UK Biobank Cohort

et al. 2023

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Diet, the most important modulator of inflammatory and immune responses, may affect COVID-19 incidence and disease severity. Data from 196,154 members of the UK biobank had at least one 24 h dietary recall. COVID-19 outcomes were based on PCR testing, hospital admissions, and death certificates. Adjusted Poisson regression analyses were performed to estimate the risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dietary inflammatory index (DII)/energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, smoking status, physical activity, and sleep duration. Between January 2020 and March 2021, there were 11,288 incident COVID-19 cases, 1270 COVID-19-related hospitalizations, and 315 COVID-19-related deaths. The fully adjusted model showed that participants in the highest (vs. lowest) DII/E-DII quintile were at 10–17% increased risk of COVID-19 (DII: RR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.17, Ptrend < 0.001; E-DII: RR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.17, 95% CI 1.10–1.24, Ptrend < 0.001) and ≈40% higher risk was observed for disease severity (DII: RR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.40, 95% CI 1.18–1.67, Ptrend < 0.001; E-DII: RR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.39, 95% CI 1.16–1.66, Ptrend < 0.001). There was a 43% increased risk of COVID-19-related death in the highest DII quintile (RR Q5 vs. Q1 = 1.43, 95% CI 1.01–2.01, Ptrend = 0.04). About one-quarter of the observed positive associations between DII and COVID-19-related outcomes were mediated by body mass index (25.8% for incidence, 21.6% for severity, and 19.8% for death). Diet-associated inflammation increased the risk of COVID-19 infection, severe disease, and death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Related Inflammation Is Associated with Worse COVID-19 Outcomes in the UK Biobank Cohort

et al. 2023

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“…Two types of inflammation exist. Short-term (acute) inflammation is triggered by sugary and fatty substances, viruses, and bacteria that may result from sickness recovery, wound reparation, and brief stress episodes and is, on balance, adaptive (Cecconello, Clària Ribas, & Norling, 2022 ). Conversely, long-term (chronic) inflammation can build up plaques, clot the bloodstream, and impair the brain, heart, and other organs (Michels, van Aart, Morisse, Mullee, & Huybrechts, 2021 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prospective network analysis of proinflammatory proteins, lipid markers, and depression components in midlife community women

Zainal

Newman

2022

Psychol. Med.

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Background Vulnerability theories propose that suboptimal levels of lipid markers and proinflammatory proteins predict future heightened depression. Scar models posit the reverse association. However, most studies that tested relationships between non-specific immune/endocrine markers and depression did not separate temporal inferences between people and within-person and how different immunometabolism markers related to unique depression symptoms. We thus used cross-lagged prospective network analyses (CLPN) to investigate this topic. Methods Community midlife women (n = 2224) completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale and provided biomarker samples across five time-points spanning 9 years. CLPN identified significant relations (edges) among components (nodes) of depression (depressed mood, somatic symptoms, interpersonal issues), lipid markers [insulin, fasting glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL)], and proinflammatory proteins [C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen], within and across time-points. All models adjusted for age, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and menopausal status. Results In within-person temporal networks, higher CRP and HDL predicted all three depression components (d = 0.131–2.112). Increased LDL preceded higher depressed mood and interpersonal issues (v. somatic symptoms) (d = 0.251–0.327). Elevated triglycerides predicted more somatic symptoms (v. depressed mood and interpersonal problems) (d = 0.131). More interpersonal problems forecasted elevated fibrinogen and LDL levels (d = 0.129–0.331), and stronger somatic symptoms preceded higher fibrinogen levels (d = 0.188). Conclusions Results supported both vulnerability and scar models. Long-term dysregulated immunometabolism systems, social disengagement, and related patterns are possible mechanistic accounts. Cognitive-behavioral therapies that optimize nutrition and physical activity may effectively target depression.

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Resolving acute inflammation; what happens when inflammation goes haywire? How can it get back in line?

Cited by 2 publications

References 160 publications

Diet-Related Inflammation Is Associated with Worse COVID-19 Outcomes in the UK Biobank Cohort

Diet-Related Inflammation Is Associated with Worse COVID-19 Outcomes in the UK Biobank Cohort

Prospective network analysis of proinflammatory proteins, lipid markers, and depression components in midlife community women

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