Resolvin D1 inhibits endothelial permeability and mitochondrial damage following cardiac ischemia reperfusion in diabetic mice

Abstract

Purpose Novel strategies for preventing myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) in a diabetic heart are urgently needed. Resolvin D1 (RvD1) plays important therapeutic roles in inflammatory diseases. However, the therapeutic role of RvD1 in diabetic MIRI is still unknown. Methods Diabetic mice were established with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). The mice were pretreated with RvD1 via intraperitoneal injection for 3 days, followed by MIRI. To evaluate the effects of RvD1 on chronic cardiac remodelling, RvD1 was administered for another 2 weeks after MIRI. The effects of RvD1 following MIRI were measured, including the severity of infarct size, regional inflammation, cardiac function, and permeability of cultured endothelial monolayers. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MitoROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined using MitoSOX and JC-1. Results RvD1 pretreatment significantly reduced infarct size and the Evans blue content in diabetic injured hearts, which was associated with improved endothelial permeability. At 2 weeks after MIRI, RvD1 treatment partially improved cardiac performance and reduced cardiac fibrosis in diabetic MIRI mice. In vitro, RvD1 attenuated endothelial leakage induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation, H2O2, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) under high glucose (HG) conditions. Meanwhile, RvD1 remarkably protected endothelial cells from H2O2-induced mitochondrial damage, as evidenced by increased MMP and decreased MitoROS, which was associated with the preservation of VE-cadherin. Conclusion RvD1 alleviates MIRI-induced endothelial permeability and mitochondrial damage injuries in diabetic hearts. Therefore, RvD1 could be a potential therapeutic target for MIRI in diabetes.