The Anger camera (also known as the gamma camera or scintillation camera) was invented by Hal O. Anger in 1957 and it is still the primary imaging instrument used in nuclear medicine. Although there have been many improvements in this device resulting from better components, advanced electronics, and digital implementations, the fundamental operation of the Anger camera has not changed. The Anger camera uses one large, thin sodium iodide crystal for absorbing gamma‐ray energy and converting that energy into visible light. The light signals are sampled by an array of photomultilier tubes that determine
X
and
Y
locations and the energy of detected events. When a signal from a detected event falls within a preselected energy range, the
X
and
Y
locations are recorded in either list or histogram modes. The Anger camera uses multiholed lead collimators as the image‐forming aperture. Anger cameras are used for a wide range of radionuclide imaging including single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) as well as conventional nuclear medicine studies.