Resistive Pulse Analysis of Microgel Deformation During Nanopore Translocation

Holden, Deric A.; Hendrickson, Grant R.; Lyon, L. Andrew; White, Henry S.

doi:10.1021/jp111244v

Cited by 64 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although there have been a number of theoretical models to describe the pulse signal generated due to particle shape [49] and surface charge [50–53] under varying pore dimensions, membrane charge, and electrolyte concentrations few studies to date have taken advantage of using pulse sensors for experimentally measuring these properties. Of these, the findings of Golibersuch [54], Berge et al [44, 55], Ito et al [18, 19], and Holden et al [56] stand out in their use and extension of resistive pulse sensing for characterizing particulate samples. Golibersuch [54] and Berge et al [44, 55] both modeled and experimentally measured the difference in pulse signal arising from oblate (disc) and prolate (ellipsoid) particles traversing a long cylindrical pore sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in resistive pulse sensors: Devices bridging the void between molecular and microscopic detection

et al. 2011

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Since the first reported use of a biological ion channel to detect differences in single stranded genomic base pairs in 1996, a renaissance in nanoscale resistive pulse sensors has ensued. This resurgence of a technique originally outlined and commercialized over fifty years ago has largely been driven by advances in nanoscaled fabrication, and ultimately, the prospect of a rapid and inexpensive means for genomic sequencing as well as other macromolecular characterization. In this pursuit, the potential application of these devices to characterize additional properties such as the size, shape, charge, and concentration of nanoscaled materials (10 – 900 nm) has been largely overlooked. Advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology are driving the need for simple yet sensitive individual object readout devices such as resistive pulse sensors. This review will examine the recent progress in pore-based sensing in the nanoscale range. A detailed analysis of three new types of pore sensors – in-series, parallel, and size-tunable pores – has been included. These pores offer improved measurement sensitivity over a wider particle size range. The fundamental physical chemistry of these techniques, which is still evolving, will be reviewed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in resistive pulse sensors: Devices bridging the void between molecular and microscopic detection

et al. 2011

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“…1 These sensors have been used to measure the concentration, size, 2 and ¦-potential, 3 and even to infer information about the conductivity 4 of objects in a dispersion. Compared to traditional fixed-pore sensors, new size-tunable elastic pore sensors have the advantage of increasing analysis size range, measurement sensitivity, and even selective gating of particles by tuning the pore dimensions to a particulate system.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tuning Particle Velocity and Measurement Sensitivity by Changing Pore Sensor Dimensions

2012

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Tuning the size of an elastic pore sensor enables the control of both the measurement sensitivity and particle velocity through the pore. Increasing the pore size by stretching the pore membrane reduced the magnitude of the resistive pulse signal generated by 330 nm polystyrene particles by 24% while simultaneously increasing their velocity through the pore, as shown by the 68% shorter pulse durations. These effects are due to the reduced excluded particle volume and increased fluid velocity through the larger pore, respectively.The ability to measure individual particles, molecules, or DNA base pairs has generated considerable interest in pore sensors that measure dispersion properties using the Coulter principle.1 These sensors have been used to measure the concentration, size, 2 and ¦-potential, 3 and even to infer information about the conductivity 4 of objects in a dispersion. Compared to traditional fixed-pore sensors, new size-tunable elastic pore sensors have the advantage of increasing analysis size range, measurement sensitivity, and even selective gating of particles by tuning the pore dimensions to a particulate system. 5 As demonstrated in this paper, tuning the pore dimensions also controls the electrokinetic and fluidic forces that act to drive particles through the pore. Understanding this relationship is critical to pore sensor design and accurate particle analysis.Objects traversing a pore sensor, which in simple terms consists of two electrolyte chambers separated by a membrane with a hole, give rise to an increased resistance through the pore that is proportional to the excluded volume of the particle. 2,6 Typically recorded as a change in ionic current-in-time (i t ), theses brief "pulses" contain information on particle size (pulse magnitude, ¦i max ) and velocity (pulse duration, measured here at the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the pulse signal). The collation of hundreds to thousands of pulses, which can often be achieved over a short analysis duration (i.e., on the order of seconds; inset of Figure 1), enables not only particleby-particle characterization but also analysis of the overall distribution of the suspension. The key to extracting this information from the generated pulse signals are knowledge of the pore dimensions and appropriate theoretical models.The dimensions of elastic pore sensors are dependent on the pore puncturing process and the applied membrane stretch. Typically, these pores are conical and have the characteristic geometric terms A, B, and L, which correspond to the small and large pore opening diameters and the pore length, respectively. Stretching or relaxing the elastic membrane enables the dimensions to be altered or "tuned." The dimensions of the pore used in this study were measured, at 2 mm stretch increments going from 44 to 52 mm (Table 1), according to our previously described methodology.8 Stretching the membrane was found to increase A and B from 0.80 to 1.69¯m and from 33 to 58¯m, respectively, and to decrease L from 230 to 169¯m.As shown in ...

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“…While there have been some reports on the deformability of microgels in nanopores, these studies have looked at the phenomenon from the point of view of renal elimination, i.e. transport through glomerular membrane [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microgels are flexible spheres which can undergo changes in both size and elasticity in response to changes in temperature, ionic strength, and pH [16]. Some previous studies have shown that microgels can deform quite significantly under shear, leading to their translocation through nanoporous structures [13][14][15]. When soft microgel slurries are subjected to shear, their microstructure is altered [17], and this affects their colloidal stability, often leading to shear-induced aggregation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%