Resistência ao acamamento de plantas e ao quebramento do colmo em milho tropical

Gomes, Luiz Savelli; Brandão, Afonso Maria; Brito, Césio Humberto de; Moraes, Daniele Ferreira de; Lopes, Maria Teresa Gomes

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2010000200004

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…De acordo com Gomes et al (2010), a força de arranquio da planta é uma medida utilizada para a avaliação da resistência das plantas de milho ao acamamento. No presente trabalho, observou-se que a desfolha não influenciou a força necessária ao arranquio da planta (Tabela 4), o que indica que, mesmo que a desfolha tenha afetado o desenvolvimento radicular, não houve influência sobre a resistência da planta ao acamamento.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Utilizou-se o método descrito por Gomes et al (2010), que consiste em aplicar força transversal ao colmo na altura da espiga principal, com auxílio de uma corda, até o ponto de ruptura da planta. Ao romper-se o colmo, o dinamômetro registra a força necessária ao quebramento.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Utilizouse o método descrito por Gomes et al (2010), que consiste em exercer a força vertical necessária para arrancar a planta. O sistema de roldanas distribui a força necessária ao arranquio em quatro partes, e o dinamômetro quantifica uma dessas partes.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

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Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Rezende

Brito

Brandão³

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da desfolha do milho no desenvolvimento e na produtividade de grãos. Seis ensaios foram conduzidos em diferentes safras e locais e em dois níveis de produtividade. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com sete repetições. A desfolha foi realizada no estádio vegetativo V 4 do milho (quatro folhas expandidas), e os tratamentos foram: remoção das duas folhas basais, remoção das quatro folhas expandidas, remoção total das folhas (secção da parte aérea) e testemunha (sem desfolha). Foram avaliados: duração do período vegetativo; e, em pré-colheita, altura de planta, altura de espiga, percentagem de plantas acamadas, força de quebramento de colmo, força de arranquio da planta e produtividade. A remoção das quatro folhas e a remoção total aumentaram a duração do período vegetativo e reduziram a altura de planta, a altura de espiga e a resistência do colmo ao quebramento. Esses níveis de desfolha também reduziram a produtividade, principalmente com a remoção total das folhas. A força de arranquio da planta não foi influenciada pela desfolha. A retirada de quatro folhas e do total das folhas reduz a produtividade de grãos, respectivamente, em 6,25 a 14,05% nos híbridos avaliados.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, área foliar, integridade foliar, período vegetativo, potencial produtivo. Grain development and yield in maize subjected to defoliation levelsAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of defoliation of maize on grain development and yield. Six trials were conducted in different growing seasons and locations and at two yield levels. A randomized complete block design was used, with seven replicates. Defoliation was made at the V 4 vegetative stage of maize (four expanded leaves), and treatments consisted of: removal of the two basal leaves, removal of the four expanded leaves, total removal of leaves (aerial plant section), and a control (without defoliation). The following were evaluated: length of the vegetative period; and, at pre-harvest, plant height, ear insertion height, plant lodging percentage, stalk-breaking strength, force required to pull the plant, and yield. The removal of four leaves and the total removal of leaves increased the length of the vegetative period and reduced plant height, ear insertion height, and stalk strength against breaking. These defoliation levels also reduced yield, mainly with the total removal of leaves. The force required to pull the plant was not influenced by defoliation. Removal of four leaves and of all leaves reduces grain yield, respectively, in 6.25 to 14,05 in the evaluated hybrids.Index terms: Zea mays, leaf area, leaf integrity, vegetative period, yield potential. IntroduçãoO potencial produtivo da cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) é definido por volta dos estádios V 4 e V 5 , de quatro a cinco folhas expandidas, respectivamente, em razão da diferenciação floral (Ritchie et al., 1993). Nesse período, a planta origina os primórdios do pendão e da espiga, e também ocorre a difer...

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Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Rezende

Brito

Brandão³

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

Self Cite

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“…Os diâmetros das espigas e dos sabugos foram considerados como circulares com área de πd 2 4 -1 . A força (kgf), o ângulo (º) e altura (cm) de quebramento ou dobramento do colmo foram determinados nas duas linhas laterais da parcela útil com o emprego de um aparelho denominado "Inclinômetro" (I-AMBLSG Syngenta Seeds®, Uberlândia, Brasil) (Gomes et al, 2010). Esse equipamento possibilitou medir a força de rompimento do colmo ao quebramento ou dobramento.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Esse equipamento possibilitou medir a força de rompimento do colmo ao quebramento ou dobramento. A altura de rompimento do colmo é uma inovação, acrescentada na metodologia, apresentada por Gomes et al (2010).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

The effect of leaf area reduction on corn plants during the reproduction phase

et al. 2011

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The effect of leaf area reduction on corn plants during the reproduction phaseReduction in leaf area in corn plants during reproduction changes physiological metabolism and consequently the accumulation of dry matter in grains. The aim of this work was to study changes in agronomic characteristics caused by defoliation in corn during the reproduction phase. The experiment was carried out in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais state, in the agricultural year 2007/2008. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, consisting of seven treatments: control without defoliation, removal of two apical leaves, removal of four apical leaves, removal of all leaves above spike, removal of four intermediate leaves, removal of all leaves below spike, and removal of all plant leaves, with five repetitions. The genotype used for the evaluations was hybrid NB 7376. Defoliation was carried out when plants were at the growth stage R 2 . The variables assessed were: yield, density of spikes and corncobs, root resistance and stem integrity. When all leaves above the spike were removed, grain yield was reduced by 20%. Corncob density, stem integrity and root resistance to uprooting were also affected. Spike density was only affected when all plant leaves were removed. The leaf area remaining physiologically active above the spike was found to be most efficient in terms of grain yield.

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Dealing with multiple traits in maize: A new approach for selecting progenies

et al. 2020

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Many maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs select genotypes considering just grain yield. However, this strategy may not be efficient due to undesirable associations between grain yield and other traits. The breeder's challenge is to combine good characteristics in one genotype. The aim of this study was to propose a new approach to select maize progenies considering multiple traits. One hundred forty‐one half‐sib progenies were evaluated for 14 agronomic traits in a 12 by 12 triple lattice design in two environments. Four progeny selection strategies were performed to increase yield. Strategy 1, considering just yield; Strategy 2, considering all traits in a selection index; Strategy 3, considering only traits that have effect in yield, based on path analysis; and Strategy 4, similar to Strategy 3, but disregarding any trait showing undesirable correlation with other traits. Strategies 2, 3, and 4 considered Smith and Hazel index. The progenies selected by Strategy 4 showed more balanced predicted gains considering all traits. Its predicted gain in all traits related to yield was higher than the of Strategies 2 and 3, and it led to smaller gains in height and flowering time, which breeders want to decrease its means. Strategy 1 showed the best gains in yield, as expected, but obtained undesirable phenotypes for the other traits. The use of path analysis to delineate the Smith and Hazel index is a very appealing approach for selecting maize progenies and the Strategy 4 was the most efficient at accomplishing balanced gains for multiple traits.

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Resistência ao acamamento de plantas e ao quebramento do colmo em milho tropical

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

Desenvolvimento e produtividade de grãos de milho submetido a níveis de desfolha

The effect of leaf area reduction on corn plants during the reproduction phase

Dealing with multiple traits in maize: A new approach for selecting progenies

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