Resistência à intoxicação por Amorimia septentrionalis em caprinos, induzida pela inoculação ruminal das bactérias Pigmentiphaga kullae e Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus

Abstract

In Brazil is estimated that poisoning of livestock by sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) containing plants causes the death of about 500.000 cattle per year. The ruminal inoculation of bacteria that degrade MFA has been proposed as a way to prevent the poisoning. This study aimed to evaluate in goats resistance to the MFA-containing plant Amorimia septentrionalis induced by ruminal inoculation of the bacteria Pigmentiphaga kullae and Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus. Twelve goats, without previous contact with MFA-containing plants, were divided into two groups of six animals each. In group 1, 60ml of a mixture of the two bacteria was inoculated every day for 10 days into each goat. In group 2, the goats did not receive the bacteria. At the 10th day of inoculation, A. septentrionalis began to be administered daily at a dose of 5g/kg body weight to both groups. The administration was interrupted in each goat after first clinical signs of poisoning were observed.. The goats of group 1 showed clinical signs 5.83±2.56 days after the administration of the plant, what differed significantly (p=0.037) from goats of group 2, that showed clinical signs 2.67±0 52 days after the beginning of ingestion. The amount of A. septentrionalis ingested by inoculated goats (28.83±12.97g/kg) to cause clinical sings was significantly greater (p=0.025) than the amount ingested by the non-inoculated (12.03±3.65) goats to cause clinical signs and was also statistically different between the groups. We concluded that the intraruminal administration of Pigmentiphaga kullae and Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus increases the resistance to poisoning by MFA-containing plants.

Evaluation of resistance to natural poisoning by Amorimia septentrionalis in goats which had received sodium monofluoroacetate degrading bacteria

“…The results of the present study demonstrate that goats that received oral MFA-degrading bacteria isolated from the soil and plants containing MFA, when exposed to the ingestion of the plant naturally, take longer to develop clinical signs of poisoning or to die when compared to animals who did not receive these bacteria. Similar results were obtained by Pessoa et al (2015) and Silva et al (2015) in experiments where the plant was administered experimentally in known amounts and after the final period of ingestion of the bacteria. In another experiment, Silva et al (2016) continued to administer MFA-degrading bacteria daily at the same time as they performed administration of Amorimia septentrionalis and demonstrated that the continuous and simultaneous administration of the bacteria and A. septentrionalis conferred resistance to poisoning.…”

“…The control and prophylaxis of this poisoning by traditional methods such as fencing infested areas or using herbicides is not efficient (Barbosa et al 2003). Therefore, some studies have already used several alternatives to render ruminants resistant to plant poisoning containing MFA, including: 1) the repeated administration of non-toxic doses of the plant containing MFA for alternate periods (Duarte et al 2014); 2) the transfer of ruminal fluid from ruminants inoculated with MFA-degrading bacteria, which became resistant to poisoning, to susceptible ruminants (Silva et al 2015); 3) the administration of MFA-degrading bacteria isolated from the rumen of animals, soil and plants containing MFA (Pessoa et al 2015, Silva et al 2016; 4) use of the conditioned aversion technique through the use of lithium chloride (Brito et al 2016).…”

“…In an earlier study it was shown that goats that received MFA-hydrolyzing bacteria are resistant to poisoning, but after the goats fail to receive the bacteria they gradually lose resistance (Pessoa et al 2015). On the other hand, if some of these bacteria (Ralstonia sp.…”

Techniques for prevention and control of poisoning by sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA)-containing plants in ruminants

“…After administration of the bacteria, 5g/kg of A. septentrionalis was administered aiming to evaluate the efficiency of these bacteria in the protection against plant poisoning. The researchers found that the animals that received the bacteria were resistant to higher doses of the plant, and took longer to present clinical signs of poisoning compared with the goats that did not receive the bacteria, demonstrating their ability to induce resistance to poisoning by A. septentrionalis (Pessoa et al 2015). Silva et al (2016) also used bacteria isolated from soil and plants containing MFA.…”

Herbaspirillum seropedicae as a degrading bacterium of monofluoroacetate: effects of its inoculation in goats by ingesting Amorimia septentrionalis and the concentrations of this compound in plants sprayed with the bacterium

“…Control and prevention of this type of poisoning by eliminating the plant or by avoiding its consumption by animals is not always effective (Barbosa et al 2003). New alternatives are suggested to make animals resistant to poisoning, including: repeated administration, at alternate periods, of non-toxic doses of the plant (Duarte et al 2014); the transfer of ruminal fluid from ruminants inoculated with MFA-degrading bacteria that became resistant to intoxication to susceptible ruminants (Silva et al 2015); the administration of MFA-degrading bacteria isolated from the rumen of goats, soil and plants containing MFA (Pessoa et al 2015, Silva et al 2016, Pessoa et al 2018; and the use of lithium chloride as a conditioned aversion technique (Brito et al 2016). Among these alternatives is the use of bacteria capable of degrading the MFA present in the plant.…”