Resistance trends in gram-negative bacteria: surveillance results from two Mexican hospitals, 2005–2010

Morfín‐Otero, Rayo; Tinoco-Favila, Juan Carlos; Sader, Hélio S.; Salcido-Gutierrez, Lorena; Pérez-Gómez, Héctor Raúl; González-Díaz, Esteban; Petersen, Luis; Noriega, Eduardo Rodríguez

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-277

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In a similar study, Ziab, et al [11] reported Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the predominant gram-negative bacilli being isolated from the ICU, whereas E. coli was the most common gram-negative bacillus reported in studies done by Al-Jawady, et al and Morfin-Otero, et al [9, 12]. The most frequent isolate from urine was found to be E. coli in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Antibiogram of Medical Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital Setting of Pakistan

Qadeer¹,

Akhtar²,

Ain³

et al. 2016

Cureus

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Objective: To determine the frequency of micro-organisms causing sepsis as well as to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of microorganisms isolated in a medical intensive care unit.Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of 802 patients from a medical intensive care unit (ICU) of Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan over a one-year period from August 2015 to August 2016. Specimens collected were from blood, urine, endotracheal secretions, catheter tips, tissue, pus swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, ascites, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and pleural fluid. All bacteria were identified by standard microbiological methods, and antibiotic sensitivity/resistance was performed using the disk diffusion technique, according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Data was collected using a critical care unit electronic database and data analysis was done by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY).Results: Gram-negative bacteria were more frequent as compared to gram-positive bacteria. Most common bacterial isolates were Acinetobacter (15.3%), Escherichia coli (15.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.2%), whereas Enterococcus (7%) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (6.2%) were the two most common gram-positive bacteria. For Acinetobacter, colistin was the most effective antibiotic (3% resistance). For E.coli, colistin (0%), tigecycline (0%), amikacin (7%), and carbapenems (10%) showed low resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed low resistance to colistin (7%). For Klebsiella pneumoniae, low resistance was seen for tigecycline (0%) and minocycline (16%). Overall, ICU mortality was 31.3%, including miscellaneous cases.Conclusion: Gram-negative infections, especially by multidrug-resistant organisms, are on the rise in ICUs. Empirical antibiotics should be used according to the local unit specific data. Constant evaluation of current practice on basis of trends in multidrug resistance and antibiotic consumption patterns are essential.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Antibiogram of Medical Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital Setting of Pakistan

Qadeer¹,

Akhtar²,

Ain³

et al. 2016

Cureus

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“…Delay in treatment results in partial or complete loss of vision and patients are treated empirically with a combination of vancomycin and ceftazidime intravitreal injection to cover both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria (GNB) [1,2]. There are several reports on bacterial resistance to ceftazidime and vancomycin in isolates from systemic infection [3,4] and very few studies on bacterial resistance to ceftazidime and vancomycin in patients with endophthalmitis [5,6]. In this report, we have studied the susceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients with endophthalmitis to vancomycin and ceftazidime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates to vancomycin and ceftazidime from patients with endophthalmitis: Is there a need to change the empirical therapy in suspected bacterial endophthalmitis?

Reddy¹,

Reddy²,

Paruvelli³

et al. 2014

Int Ophthalmol

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To review the susceptibility of bacterial isolates to ceftazidime and vancomycin isolated from patients with endophthalmitis. Microbiology records of patients with endophthalmitis between June 2010 and May 2013 were reviewed. Vitreous and AC fluids obtained from patients with endophthalmitis were subjected to direct microscopy examination and culture. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Resistant to ceftazidime in Gram negative bacteria (GNB) by disk diffusion method is confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration using E test. Culture was positive for bacteria/Fungi in 224/356 patients (62.9 %). Out of 224 patients, 191 (85.2 %) patients showed bacterial growth and 33 (14.0 %) showed fungal growth. Mixed bacterial infection was seen in five patients. Among the GNB, 23/123 (18 %) of the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, and all the Gram positive bacteria 73/73 (100 %) were susceptible to vancomycin. Sixteen of 123 (13 %) GNB were resistant to amikacin. Although there is an increase in resistance to ceftazidime compared to amikacin in GNB, amikacin intravitreal injection is associated with macular toxicity and no single antibiotic has full coverage for all GNB. Combination of vancomycin and ceftazidime empiric therapy can be continued in patients with suspected endophthalmitis and treatment is modified based on clinical response and susceptibility results.

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“…Resistant bacteria can compromise public and animal health and lead to severe economic losses in animal production [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Poultry, Bovine and Ovine in Tunisia: A Real Animal and Human Health Threat

Abbassi¹

2017

J Clin Microbiol Biochem Technol

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A total of 174 E. coli isolates collected from healthy poultry, bovine and ovine recovered between December 2009 and June 2013 in different geographic location in Tunisia, were assessed and examinated for resistance to antimicrobial agents. Avian isolates showed the highest rates of antibiotic resistance: tetracycline (74.7 %), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin with the same rate of resistance (57 %). Prevalences of resistance to the same four antimicrobials in bovine isolates were 33.3 %, 65 %, 30 %, 28.3 %, respectively. However, for ovine isolates, low resistance rates were observed, except for tetracycline (40 %) and amoxicillin (22.85 %). Only one ESBL-producing isolate from chicken was detected. In addition, seventy-seven (44.2 %) isolates were resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics and were considered multidrug resistant (MDR). Interestingly, avian E. coli isolates were more resistant than bovine and ovine ones. These results provide novel insights into the epidemiological characteristics of poultry, bovine and ovine E.coli isolates in Tunisia, and suggest the need for the prudent use of antimicrobial agents in husbandry and the urgent need to establish a national antibiotic resistance monitoring program.

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Resistance trends in gram-negative bacteria: surveillance results from two Mexican hospitals, 2005–2010

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Antibiogram of Medical Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital Setting of Pakistan

Antibiogram of Medical Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital Setting of Pakistan

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates to vancomycin and ceftazidime from patients with endophthalmitis: Is there a need to change the empirical therapy in suspected bacterial endophthalmitis?

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Poultry, Bovine and Ovine in Tunisia: A Real Animal and Human Health Threat

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