Resistance Training in the Early Postoperative Phase Reduces Hospitalization and Leads to Muscle Hypertrophy in Elderly Hip Surgery Patients—A Controlled, Randomized Study

Suetta, Charlotte; Magnusson, S. Peter; Rosted, Anne; Aagaard, Per; Jakobsen, Arne K; Larsen, Lone Heimann; Duus, Bent; Kjær, Michael

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52557.x

Cited by 198 publications

(210 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, we found a mismatch between the increase in muscle fiber CSA (ϩ32%) and the gain in muscle thickness (ϩ14%) or as previously reported in ACSA (ϩ12%) after 12 wk of resistance training (47). Similar findings of a mismatch between the gains in ACSA and muscle fiber CSA after a period of resistance training has previously been found in both young (1) and old individuals (11,14,19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Randomization was performed by a computer program (Minimize version 2.1), and patients were stratified by age and sex. All three training regimes have been described in detail elsewhere (47). In brief, RT consisted of a 12-wk (3/wk) unilateral progressive training program [weeks 1-2: 3 ϫ 10 (20 RM, where RM is repetition maximum); weeks 3-4: 3 ϫ 12 (15 RM); weeks 5-6: 4 ϫ 10 (12 RM); weeks 7-8: 5 ϫ 8 (8 RM); weeks 9 -10: 4 ϫ 8 (8 RM); weeks 11-12: 3 ϫ 8 (8 RM)] with focus on knee extension and leg press exercises.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this, resistance training is still rarely used in the rehabilitation of elderly patients and especially in the elderly who have been hospitalized. Previously, we have studied the neuromuscular and functional changes, before and after unilateral resistance training, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and a standard rehabilitation program in elderly patients recovering from hip replacement surgery (46,47). These results indicated that resistance training is more effective to restore muscle mass, contractile rate of force development, and functional performance than rehabilitation regimes based on functional exercises and electrical stimulation (46,47).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we have studied the neuromuscular and functional changes, before and after unilateral resistance training, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and a standard rehabilitation program in elderly patients recovering from hip replacement surgery (46,47). These results indicated that resistance training is more effective to restore muscle mass, contractile rate of force development, and functional performance than rehabilitation regimes based on functional exercises and electrical stimulation (46,47). However, although muscle architecture has been shown to be an important factor for muscle function in young individuals (1), no studies have previously investigated the changes in muscle fiber morphology and muscle architecture with different types of intervention in the elderly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance training induces qualitative changes in muscle morphology, muscle architecture, and muscle function in elderly postoperative patients

Suetta

Andersen²,

Dalgas³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Magnusson SP, Kjaer M. Resistance training induces qualitative changes in muscle morphology, muscle architecture, and muscle function in elderly postoperative patients. J Appl Physiol 105: 180 -186, 2008. First published April 17, 2008 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01354.2007.-Although the negative effects of bed rest on muscle strength and muscle mass are well established, it still remains a challenge to identify effective methods to restore physical capacity of elderly patients recovering from hospitalization. The present study compared different training regimes with respect to muscle strength, muscle fiber size, muscle architecture, and stair walking power in elderly postoperative patients. Thirty-six patients (60 -86 yr) scheduled for unilateral hip replacement surgery due to hip osteoarthritis were randomized to either 1) resistance training (RT: 3/wk ϫ 12 wk), 2) electrical stimulation (ES: 1 h/day ϫ 12 wk), or 3) standard rehabilitation (SR: 1 h/day ϫ 12 wk). All measurements were performed at baseline, at 5 wk and 12 wk postsurgery. After 12 wk of resistance training, maximal dynamic muscle strength increased by 30% at 60°/s (P Ͻ 0.05) and by 29% at 180°/s (P Ͻ 0.05); muscle fiber area increased for type I (ϩ17%, P Ͻ 0.05), type IIa (ϩ37%, P Ͻ 0.05), and type IIx muscle fibers (ϩ51%, P Ͻ 0.05); and muscle fiber pennation angle increased by 22% and muscle thickness increased by 15% (P Ͻ 0.05). Furthermore, stair walking power increased by 35% (P Ͻ 0.05) and was related to the increase in type II fiber area (r ϭ 0.729, P Ͻ 0.05). In contrast, there was no increase in any measurement outcomes with electrical stimulation and standard rehabilitation. The present study is the first to demonstrate the effectiveness of resistance training to induce beneficial qualitative changes in muscle fiber morphology and muscle architecture in elderly postoperative patients. In contrast, rehabilitation regimes based on functional exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation had no effect. The present data emphasize the importance of resistance training in future rehabilitation programs for elderly individuals.aging; muscle power; exercise SARCOPENIA HAS LONG BEEN RECOGNIZED as a major cause of loss in muscle strength with old age. In fact, aging and disuse are two of the main conditions leading to skeletal muscle atrophy in humans. In both conditions, the loss of muscle mass leads to a decrease in muscle force production, and recent evidence suggests that a significant additional contribution might come from changes in muscle architecture (38,39). However, only a few studies have examined changes in muscle architecture and muscle fiber morphology in response to aging and physical training, and although the results suggest that a significant plasticity exists, there is generally a lack of data as to what extent different conditioning stimuli may affect muscle architecture in elderly individuals recovering from hospitalization.The loss of muscle mass with aging accelerates from the sixth decade onword, partly owing to a de...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance training induces qualitative changes in muscle morphology, muscle architecture, and muscle function in elderly postoperative patients

Suetta

Andersen²,

Dalgas³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

Self Cite

153

138

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“…Adequate muscle strength in the lower limbs, primarily in the abductor muscle, is required for satisfactory rehabilitation [35]. Initiation of strength training as soon as possible after surgery is of great importance to decrease the influence of postsurgery immobilization on the impairment of muscle mass [36], as recommended by the present study. The current study demonstrated significant positive results in the improvement of muscle strength force in the intervention group compared with the nonintervention group, and these findings were similarly highlighted by Husby et al [33] in another randomized study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Rehabilitation following total hip arthroplasty evaluation over short follow-up time: Randomized clinical trial

Umpierres¹,

Ribeiro²,

Marchisio³

et al. 2014

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease, and total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the surgical procedures of choice to improve the OA patient's quality of life. Without a rehabilitation program, THA patients will develop functional limitations. A randomized double-blind trial was performed between July 2009 and October 2011 to compare over a short follow-up time two groups of patients who underwent THA for OA. The THA protocol (THAP) group received verbal instructions and physiotherapy exercise demonstrations, and the THA physiotherapy care protocol (THAPCP) group received the same verbal instructions and demonstrations associated with daily exercise practice guided by a physiotherapist. The outcomes that were assessed preoperatively and 15 d postoperatively in 106 patients were muscle strength force, goniometry, Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, and Merle d'Aubigné and Postel score. Higher muscle strength force scores and degrees in range of motion were found in the THAPCP group. Greater improvements were also observed for the THAPCP group than the THAP group in the Merle d'Aubigné and Postel score. At the end of the follow-up period, the intervention in the THAPCP group improved functional capacity, quality of life, mobility, muscle strength, goniometry, and pain. It appears to be a safe tool for accelerating recovery in THA patients.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01491048, "Evaluation of functional rehabilitation in patients undergoing physiotherapy after total hip arthroplasty (arthrosis)"; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01491048

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Evaluation of Exercise Interventions and Outcomes After Hip Arthroplasty

Saueressig¹,

Owen

Zebisch³

et al. 2021

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCE Preoperative and postoperative exercise interventions are commonly used in patients with total hip arthroplasty despite a lack of established efficacy. OBJECTIVE To explore clinical outcomes associated with exercise training before and after hip arthroplasty. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched from their inception to March 2020. Reference lists of included trials and related reviews were also searched. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials of land-based exercise interventions before or after total hip arthroplasty were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS This systematic review and meta-analysis is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Data extraction was independently performed in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analyses with restricted maximum likelihood were performed for pooling the data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary prespecified outcome was self-reported physical function. Secondary prespecified outcomes were self-reported pain intensity, quality of life, gait speed, lower body muscle strength, lower body flexibility, anxiety, hospital length of stay, and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 32 randomized clinical trials with 1753 patients were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 26 studies with 1004 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with usual care or no or minimal intervention, postoperative exercise training was not associated with improved self-reported physical function, with a moderate level of certainty, at 4 weeks

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Resistance Training in the Early Postoperative Phase Reduces Hospitalization and Leads to Muscle Hypertrophy in Elderly Hip Surgery Patients—A Controlled, Randomized Study

Abstract: Postoperative resistance training effectively increased maximal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle function more than a standard rehabilitation regime. Furthermore, it markedly reduced LOS in elderly postoperative patients.

Cited by 198 publications

References 33 publications

Resistance training induces qualitative changes in muscle morphology, muscle architecture, and muscle function in elderly postoperative patients

Resistance training induces qualitative changes in muscle morphology, muscle architecture, and muscle function in elderly postoperative patients

Rehabilitation following total hip arthroplasty evaluation over short follow-up time: Randomized clinical trial

Evaluation of Exercise Interventions and Outcomes After Hip Arthroplasty

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