Resistance training improves aortic structure in Wistar rats

Souza, Romeu Rodrigues de; França, Elias de; Madureira, Diana; Pontes, Carla C.R.; Santana, Jeferson Oliveira; Caperuto, Érico Chagas

doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.05.001

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The inner diameter decreased, and the wall thickness to diameter ratio increased in trained animals. Several observations have described lumen distension and thinner walls in vessels as effects of long-term physical exercise [11,12,[26][27][28][29], while others, similarly to us, have found thicker walls and decreased lumens [14,30,31]. A possible explanation is that different segments of the resistance artery network The elevated wall thickness to lumen diameter ratio may be advantageous in providing better control of the vascular lumen and segmental hemodynamic resistance.…”

Section: Similarities In Exercise-induced Heart and Coronary Adaptatisupporting

confidence: 48%

“…The inner elastic membrane became thicker in the MEx animals than that in the MSe and FEx rats. Thickening of the elastic membranes as an effect of long-term exercise in the aorta has been described previously by Souza et al in male rats [31]. Following a moderate training program, Hanna et al described a reduction in the 'indentation' elastic moduli of coronary arterioles, with no change in the collagen/elastic tissue ratio.…”

Section: Sex Differences In the Exercise-induced Adaptation Of The Hementioning

confidence: 67%

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Long-term exercise results in morphological and biomechanical changes in coronary resistance arterioles in male and female rats

et al. 2020

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Background: Biomechanical remodeling of coronary resistance arteries in physiological left ventricular hypertrophy has not yet been analyzed, and the possible sex differences are unknown. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into four groups: male and female sedentary controls (MSe and FSe) and male and female animals undergoing a 12-week intensive swim training program (MEx and FEx). On the last day, the in vitro contractility, endothelium-dependent dilatation, and biomechanical properties of the intramural coronary resistance arteries were investigated by pressure microarteriography. Elastica and collagen remodeling were studied in histological sections. Results: A similar outer radius and reduced inner radius resulted in an elevated wall to lumen ratio in the MEx and FEx animals compared to that in the sedentary controls. The wall elastic moduli increased in the MEx and FEx rats. Spontaneous and TxA 2 agonist-induced tone was increased in the FEx animals, whereas endothelium-dependent relaxation became more effective in MEx rats. Arteries of FEx rats had stronger contraction, while arteries of MEx animals had improved dilation. Conclusions: According to our results, the coronary arterioles adapted to an elevated load during long-term exercise, and this adaptation depended on sex. It is important to emphasize that in addition to differences, we also found many similarities between the sexes in the adaptive response to exercise. The observed sport adaptation in the coronary resistance arteries of rats may contribute to a better understanding of the physiological and pathological function of these arteries in active and retired athletes of different sexes.

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Section: Similarities In Exercise-induced Heart and Coronary Adaptatisupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Sex Differences In the Exercise-induced Adaptation Of The Hementioning

confidence: 67%

Long-term exercise results in morphological and biomechanical changes in coronary resistance arterioles in male and female rats

et al. 2020

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“…Nineteen articles published data about the maximum load‐carrying tests protocol (Antonio‐Santos et al., 2016; Carbone et al., 2017; Chi et al., 2020; Deus et al., 2012; Domingos et al., 2012; Gil & Kim, 2015; Gomes, Borges, Rossi, Moura, & Medeiros, 2017; Grans et al., 2014; Hornberger & Farrar, 2004; Kwon et al, 2018; Lim et al, 2018; Mônico‐Neto et al, 2015; Neves et al, 2019; Padilha et al, 2017; Padilha et al., 2019; Perrilhão et al, 2019; Prestes et al, 2009; Souza et al., 2014; Souza et al, 2017). LRT presented a positive effect on the maximum load‐carrying capacity (16 studies, SMD 12.37, 95% CI [9.36, 15.37], p < .00001, I 2 = 90%, Figure 11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle hypertrophy and ladder‐based resistance training for rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to review the effects of ladder‐based resistance training (LRT) on muscle hypertrophy and strength in rodents through a systematic review with meta‐analysis. We systematically searched PubMed/Medline, SportDiscuss, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scielo database on May 18, 2020. Thirty‐four studies were included measuring total (mCSA) or mean muscle fibers cross‐sectional area (fCSA) or maximum load‐carrying capacity (MLCC) or muscle mass (MM). About the main results, LRT provides sufficient mechanical stimulation to increase mCSA and fCSA. Meta‐analysis showed a significant overall effect on the fCSA (SMD 1.89, 95% CI [1.18, 2.61], p < .00001, I2 = 85%); however, subgroup analysis showed that some muscle types might not be hypertrophied through the LRT. Meta‐analysis showed a significant training effect on the MM (SMD 0.92, 95% CI [0.52, 1.32], p < .00001, I2 = 72%). Sub‐group analysis revealed that soleus (SMD 1.32, 95% CI [0.11, 2.54], p = .03, I2 = 86%) and FHL (SMD 1.92, 95% CI [1.00, 2.85], p < .0001, I2 = 71%) presented significant training effects, despite moderate heterogeneity levels (I2 = 72%). MLCC increases considerably after a period of LRT, regardless of its duration and the characteristics of the protocols (SMD 12.37, 95% CI [9.36, 15.37], p < .00001, I2 = 90%). Through these results, we reach the following conclusions: (a) LRT is efficient to induce muscle hypertrophy, although this effect varies between different types of skeletal muscles, and; (b) the ability of rodents to carry load increases regardless of the type and duration of the protocol used.

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“…De Souza et al, 67 , using the climbing a vertical ladder model, showed that RT promoted a 35% increase in CH, 17% in left ventricular thickness, 3% in left ventricular internal diameter and 27% in cross-sectional area of cardiomyocyte. Using the same model, Souza et al, 69 observed an increase in the aortic wall thickness, an increase elastic lamina and collagen fibers, and the thickness of collagen fibrils in trained rats. In this model, it was showed that RT reduced cardiac dysfunction in rats with diabetes 70 and in infarcted animals 71 .…”

Section: Cardiac Functionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cardiovascular Adaptations Induced by Resistance Training in Animal Models

Melo¹,

Júnior²,

Baraúna³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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In the last 10 years the number of studies showing the benefits of resistance training (RT) to the cardiovascular system, have grown. In comparison to aerobic training, RT-induced favorable adaptations to the cardiovascular system have been ignored for many years, thus the mechanisms of the RT-induced cardiovascular adaptations are still uncovered. The lack of animal models with comparable protocols to the RT performed by humans hampers the knowledge. We have used squat-exercise model, which is widely used by many others laboratories. However, to a lesser extent, other models are also employed to investigate the cardiovascular adaptations. In the subsequent sections we will review the information regarding cardiac morphological adaptations, signaling pathway of the cardiac cell, cardiac function and the vascular adaptation induced by RT using this animal model developed by Tamaki et al. in 1992. Furthermore, we also describe cardiovascular findings observed using other animal models of RT.

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Resistance training improves aortic structure in Wistar rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Long-term exercise results in morphological and biomechanical changes in coronary resistance arterioles in male and female rats

Long-term exercise results in morphological and biomechanical changes in coronary resistance arterioles in male and female rats

Muscle hypertrophy and ladder‐based resistance training for rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cardiovascular Adaptations Induced by Resistance Training in Animal Models

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