Resistance to Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Beans

Abstract

Resistance in beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., to the melon thrips Thrips palmi Karny was studied under field conditions at two sites in Colombia. Genotypes were rated for resistance on the basis of visual damage scores, bean production ratings (a visual estimate of pod and seed set), and grain yields. Of 1,138 genotypes tested, only 60 (5.3%) were rated as resistant. Repeated testing allowed us to identify potential sources of resistance in five germplasm accessions (G 02402, G 02852, G 03177, G 03569, and G 04055), one commercial variety ('Brunca'), six elite breeding lines (A 216, DOR 714, EMP 486, FEB 115, FEB 161, and FEB 162), 41 recombinant inbred lines derived from the BAT 881 x G 21212 cross, and seven recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between DOR 364 and BAT 477. Resistance was not associated with maturity, growth habit, pubescence, and seed color or seed size. In general, correlations between visual damage scores and bean production ratings and between damage scores and yield were high and significant meaning that selection on damage rating is useful to identify genotypes that may have tolerance as a mechanism of resistance. The continuous distribution of damage scores of 139 recombinant inbred lines suggested that the inheritance of resistance to the melon thrips might be quantitative. Overall, resistance levels in beans can be considered as moderate, because none of the genotypes tested received damage scores of <3 on a 1-9 scale and none was ever rated as highly resistant in terms of bean production ratings.

Common bean breeding for resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses: From classical to MAS breeding

“…Thrip resistance is not common among bean genotypes and in a large-scale screening the majority of genotypes have been shown to be highly susceptible (Cardona et al, 2002). Only a few mostly small-seeded Mesoamerican genotypes were found to have partial resistance or tolerance to the pest and resistance was not associated with maturity, growth habit, pubescence or seed color.…”

“…The melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), which spread recently to the Americas, can be an important pest on both dry and snap bean production especially in areas with problems of pesticide abuse and multiple alternate hosts for the insect pest (Cardona et al, 2002). Damage is caused by adults and larvae feeding on the leaves and growing tips of the plants and is visible on leaf ribs first, with foliage becoming silvery, leaves drying and drastic reduction in the number and size of pods under severe infection, affecting seed yield severely (Frei et al, 2003).…”

Biological Studies and Pest Management of Phytophagous Mites in South America

“…Tello et al (2009) Control strategies: most efforts to control pest population densities under threshold levels have relied on chemical tactics; however, particular attention has been paid to other management strategies in last decades, including resistant cultivars. So far, kidney bean has shown moderate resistance to other arthropod pests such as thrips (Cardona et al 2002) and it seems to be based on antixenosis and antibiosis mechanisms (Frei et al 2003). In general, these defense mechanisms are considered plant responses to stressing conditions either abiotic (drought, salinity) or biotic (herbivore or pathogens attacks), which induce the development of physical barriers to prevent feeding or secondary metabolites affecting oviposition or survival (Tomczyk & Krompczyńska 1985, Gardner & Agrawal 2002.…”

Antixenosis and Antibiosis of Common Beans to <I>Thrips palmi</I> Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

“…As an economic, environmentally sound approach for crop protection, development of resistant crop cultivars has been considered an important component for sustainable management of T. palmi (Wisemann 1994, Cardona et al 2002. Bean genotypes are considerably diversiÞed in showing resistance to infestation of T. palmi in terms of their growth performance and yield (Cardona et al 2002).…”

“…Bean genotypes are considerably diversiÞed in showing resistance to infestation of T. palmi in terms of their growth performance and yield (Cardona et al 2002). Among the 1,138 common bean genotypes screened, 60 (5.3%) displayed a certain degree of resistance, including 5 germplasm accessions, 1 commercial genotype, 6 elite breeding lines, and 48 recombinant inbred lines.…”