Resistance to Insecticides and Effect of Synergists on Permethrin Toxicity in &lt;I&gt;Pediculus capitis&lt;/I&gt; (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Buenos Aires

Picollo, María Inés; Vassena, Claudia V.; Cueto, Gastón Adolfo Mougabure; Vernetti, M.; Zerba, Eduardo

doi:10.1603/0022-2585-37.5.721

Cited by 102 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Moreover, there is a high degree of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in P. capitis extracted from Argentinean children. 9 In the province of La Rioja, and, in general, nation- wide in Argentina, there are no official regulations on actions to carry out when cases of lice infestation are detected at schools. Some teachers send children back home to be deloused; others ignore the presence of the parasite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediculus capitis infestation according to sex and social factors in Argentina

Catalá¹,

Junco²,

Vaporaky³

2005

Rev. Saúde Pública

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Pediculus capitis infestation according to sex and social factors in Argentina Abstract ObjectiveTo determine the intensity of Pediculus capitis infestation (abundance) among Argentinean schoolchildren. Children's sex and social stratum were analyzed as modifiers of the general prevalence and degree of parasitism. Methods The study included 1,370 schoolchildren (692 girls, 678 boys) from 26 schools of the province of La Rioja (21 public schools, five private schools). Classic prevalence was obtained as the percentage of children with nits and/or lice. Moreover, five degrees of parasitism were classified: 0) children with no signs of pediculosis; 0+) children with evidence of past infestation; 1) children with a recent infestation and low probability of active parasitism; 2) children with a recent infestation and high probability of active parasitism; 3) children with mobile lice (active pediculosis). ResultsThe general prevalence was 61.4% (girls: 79%; boys: 44%, p<0.001). Private schools showed lower prevalence than public schools (p=0.02), especially due to the low prevalence in boys. Fifty percent of children were classified in classes 0 and 0+, 22% in class 1; and 28% in grades 2 and 3. The proportion of children in grade 3 was higher in public schools than in private schools. There were significant sexual differences in the intensity of parasitism for grades 2 and 3, where girls' rates exceeded twice those of boys'. Conclusions Sex and social stratum are important modifiers of P. capitis general prevalence and degree of infestation. The classification of children by intensity of infestation allowed a more precise delimitation of this condition, which is especially important for disease surveillance and application of control measures. Resumo Objetivo Determinar a intensidade de infestação (abundância) de

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediculus capitis infestation according to sex and social factors in Argentina

Catalá¹,

Junco²,

Vaporaky³

2005

Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…Atkinson et al (1991) reported that permethrin and cypermethrin resistance in a highly pyrethroid resistant strain of Blattella germanica was partially suppressed with PBO and DEF, thus suggesting the involvement of enhanced metabolism as well as target site insensitivity in the mechanism of resistance. Picollo et al [2000] reported that enhanced metabolism and synergism by enzyme inhibitor was involved in pyrethroid resistance in Pediculus capitis. The activation by midgut esterases from the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.) was inhibited by DEF (Kranthi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Synergism Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of insecticide resistance and mechanisms of resistance in field populations of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) collected from different geographical locations in India

Venkatesan

Mahiba²,

Jalali

et al. 2018

Journal of Biological Control

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ABSTRACT:The toxic effect of commonly used insecticides in cotton fields was studied on 9 populations of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Petersen), an important predator of sucking pests collected in India. The dose mortality bioassay against 3-days old larvae was determined using three insecticides viz., endosulfan, fenvalerate and acephate by topical bioassay method. Mechanism of resistance to the above mentioned insecticides were determined without and with three metabolic inhibitors (synergists), viz., piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributyl-phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and diethyl maleate (DEM). Among the populations, resistant ratios (RR) of CZS-8 was significantly higher i.e. 50.36., 66.11 and 277.51-fold for endosulfan, fenvalerate and acephate, respectively compared to susceptible population (CZS-10). The CZS-8 was selected for synergism study it showed higher LC 50 values and resistance ratio for all three insecticides. It showed 8.97-fold, 18.49-fold and 6.38-fold increase in synergism ratio for endosulfan indicating the resistance was strongly synergised by PBO, DEF and DEM. Similarly for fenvalerate, CZS-8 showed 8.69-fold and 3.63-fold significant increase in synergism ratio by DEF and DEM, respectively and for acephate, CZS-8 showed 54.82-fold, 150.87-fold and 113.52-fold significant increase in synergism ratio indicating that the resistance could be due to cytochrome p-450, esterase and glutathione s-transferase activity. The study indicated that the field population of C. z. sillemi developed resistance to different groups of insecticides. Among different geographical populations, CZS-8 collected from Sriganganagar, was recorded as most resistant.

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“…El desarrollo de resistencia a fármacos acaricidas y pediculicidas está aumentando en número y extensión geográfi ca en relación a su utilización repetida. Existen casos de resistencia en pediculosis a múltiples medicamentos como permetrina, deltametrina y -cipermetrina, descrito en Argentina 30 . En escabiosis también se han descrito casos de resistencia a fármacos tópicos y orales 29 .…”

Section: Corolariounclassified

Ectoparasitosis de importancia en Chile: Epidemiología y terapia

2011

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Several parasitic diseases affect the skin and appendages in humans, the most common are head lice and scabies. Both diseases have worldwide distribution with geographical variations. In Chile, the reported prevalence of head lice is 20-25% and of scabies 1-5%. Other ectoparasites include fl eas and mite, causing transient parasitosis related to human and animal contact. These parasites are associated with various factors such as poor personal hygiene, promiscuity, long hair, crowding, and sharing of combs, among others. Various effective pharmacological therapies are available, which base on several active compounds. Important therapeutic options include topical treatments with pyrethroids, lindane, crotamiton, and malathion as well as oral medications such as ivermectin, which is used in case of drug intolerance, poor treatment response, infections with multiple parasites or concomitant bacterial infections. For some drugs, resistance has been reported in patients received multiple dosis.Key words: Head lice, scabies, prevalence, ivermectin. Palabras clave: Pediculosis, escabiosis, sarna, prevalencia, ivermectina. Departamento deMicrobiología, Universidad de Chile. Declaración de conflictos de interés:Sin conflictos.Fuente de financiamiento: La presente publicación no tiene financiamiento externo. Recibido: 6 de julio de 2010Aceptado: 16 de mayo de 2011Correspondencia a:Introducción L os ectoparásitos han afectado al hombre desde la antigüedad, siendo altamente prevalentes y transmisibles. Existen varios parásitos capaces de comprometer la piel y fanéreos en el humano, siendo las enfermedades más frecuentes la pediculosis y la escabiosis 1 . Estos agentes se asocian a factores como escasa higiene personal, promiscuidad, uso de cabello largo, hacinamiento, intercambio de peines, entre otros 2 . Otras ectoparasitosis son la pulicosis (infestación por pulgas) y la acarosis (infestación por garrapatas), ambas transitorias, relacionadas al contacto humano y animal infestado con estos parásitos 3 . PediculosisLa pediculosis es la infestación del hombre por Pediculus humanus o piojo, agente hematófago permanente y específi co de la especie humana, que se transmite por contacto directo entre personas, afectando principalmente a niños y adolescentes. Existen dos variedades una del cuero cabelludo (P. capitis) y otra corporal (P. vestimentis o corporis). La ftirosis es la infestación por Pthirus pubis o ladilla, considerada una infección de transmisión sexual (ITS), afecta la región génito-abdominal en el adulto y cejas y/o pestañas en el niño prepúber 1 .La pediculosis capitis tiene distribución mundial. Se estima que afecta a 100 millones de personas al año, siendo los más afectados niños entre 3 y 11 años 4 . Algunos estudios describen frecuencia desde 6,8% en Turquía 5 hasta 56,7% en Israel 6 . En Latinoamérica, la prevalencia es variable. Venezuela reporta una prevalencia de 28,8%, predominando en niñas y escolares con cabello largo 7 , mientras que Argentina refi ere 56,8% de pediculosis infantil 3 .En la literatu...

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Resistance to Insecticides and Effect of Synergists on Permethrin Toxicity in <I>Pediculus capitis</I> (Anoplura: Pediculidae) from Buenos Aires

Cited by 102 publications

References 11 publications

Pediculus capitis infestation according to sex and social factors in Argentina

Pediculus capitis infestation according to sex and social factors in Argentina

Detection of insecticide resistance and mechanisms of resistance in field populations of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) collected from different geographical locations in India

Ectoparasitosis de importancia en Chile: Epidemiología y terapia

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