Resistance to Glycopeptides

Hiramatsu, Kazumasa

doi:10.1002/9781444308464.ch9

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…However, treatment of COLVA with oxacillin or vancomycin resulted in both cases in a change from a homogenous to a heterogenous resistance phenotype for the noninduced antibiotic [103]. This phenotype was also observed with clinical VRSA isolates and suggested that some bacteria may tolerate the combination of both antibiotics [105]. However, the mecA/vanA antagonism demonstrates the importance of a tightly regulated – that is, inducible – mechanism to alleviate the cost of resistance.…”

Section: Induction Of Antibiotic Resistance By Cell Surface-mediated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Inducible Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria

2012

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A major contributor to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Gram-positive bacterial pathogens is the expansion of acquired, inducible genetic elements. Although acquired, inducible antibiotic resistance is not new, the interest in its molecular basis has been accelerated by the widening distribution and often ‘silent’ spread of the elements responsible, the diagnostic challenges of such resistance and the mounting limitations of available agents to treat Gram-positive infections. Acquired, inducible antibiotic resistance elements belong to the accessory genome of a species and are horizontally acquired by transformation/recombination or through the transfer of mobile DNA elements. The two key, but mechanistically very different, induction mechanisms are: ribosome-sensed induction, characteristic of the macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B antibiotics and tetracycline resistance, leading to ribosomal modifications or efflux pump activation; and resistance by cell surface-associated sensing of β-lactams (e.g., oxacillin), glycopeptides (e.g., vancomycin) and the polypeptide bacitracin, leading to drug inactivation or resistance due to cell wall alterations.

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Section: Induction Of Antibiotic Resistance By Cell Surface-mediated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Inducible Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria

2012

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“…The molecular mechanisms underlying VISA and VRSA are different [139,140]. Intermediate vancomycin resistance is associated with the presence of a thickened and/or poorly crosslinked peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall [140].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Vancomycin Resistance In Staphylococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus strains do not arise from VISA but have acquired the complete genetic apparatus mediating resistance to glycopeptides from vancomycin-resistant enterococci [51,93,98]. The genes encoding vancomycin resistance, collectively referred to as the vanA gene complex, reside on a transposon, Tn1546 [139]. The transposon is carried by a conjugative plasmid and is transmissible to a number of Gram-positive bacterial genera including Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus [139].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Vancomycin Resistance In Staphylococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genes encoding vancomycin resistance, collectively referred to as the vanA gene complex, reside on a transposon, Tn1546 [139]. The transposon is carried by a conjugative plasmid and is transmissible to a number of Gram-positive bacterial genera including Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus [139].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Vancomycin Resistance In Staphylococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococci at the Human– Animal Interface

Schmidt¹,

Kock²,

Ehlers³

2015

Antimicrobial Resistance - An Open Challenge

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The widespread and often indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in animals is considered an important driving force behind the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The emergence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and the description of a novel methicillin-resistant gene, mecC, have renewed concerns regarding the role of animals as reservoirs and a source for the evolution of novel, virulent zoonotic pathogens. The transfer of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria residing in, or on, animals to close human contacts or the introduction of the bacteria into the food supply chain is a cause for concern. The purpose of this mini-review is to provide a background to the genus Staphylococcus and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance as well as a discussion on the most significant antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. The use of antimicrobials in animal husbandry is discussed and the interface between humans and different animal populations is closely examined. Finally, the need for antimicrobial monitoring programmes is discussed and is supplemented with information pertaining to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular typing of staphylococcal isolates.

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Teicoplanin-induced purpuric eruption with leukocytoclastic vasculitis

Uchida

Higashi

Kanekura

2014

European Journal of Dermatology

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689 clinical and histopathological features in our case would be a spectrum of the most progressed form, which might initially have developed as either PXE-like PDE or WFPN. We believe that FEP is crucial concept for unifying PXElike PDE, WFPN and overlapping conditions, including our advanced case with a long-lasting history. Naoki OISOMaiko KATO Akira KAWADA 1. Rongioletti F, Izakovic J, Romanelli P, Lanuti E, Miteva M. Pseudoxanthoma elasticume-like papillary dermal elastolysis: A large case series with clinicopathological correlation. LY. Fibrillin immunoreactive fibers constitute a unique network in the human dermis: immunohistochemical comparison of the distributions of fibrillin, vitronectin, amyloid P component, and orcein stainable structures in normal skin and elastosis. J Invest Dermatol 1990; 94: 284-91. 10. Revelles JM, Machan S, Pielasinski U, et al. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis: immunohistochemical study using elastic fiber cross-reactivity with an antibody against amyloid P component.

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Resistance to Glycopeptides

Cited by 3 publications

References 75 publications

Acquired Inducible Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Acquired Inducible Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococci at the Human– Animal Interface

Teicoplanin-induced purpuric eruption with leukocytoclastic vasculitis

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