Resistance to crack growth in human cortical bone is greater in shear than in tension

Norman, Timothy L.; Nivargikar, S.; Burr, David B.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(96)00009-7

Cited by 101 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequently, bone fracture characterization under mode II loading is particularly relevant although only few studies [13] address this topic. The compact shear test was proposed by Norman et al [10] and Brown et al [1] for mode II fracture characterization of human cortical bone and used it to evaluate fracture toughness dependency on bone location and age. However, several drawbacks can be pointed to this test as is the case of Abstract Fracture characterization of human cortical bone under mode II loading was analyzed using a miniaturized version of the end-notched flexure test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture characterization of human cortical bone under mode II loading using the end-notched flexure test

Silva

Moura

Dourado

et al. 2016

Med Biol Eng Comput

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

between the numerical and experimental results reveals the appropriateness of the proposed test and procedure to characterize human cortical bone fracture under mode II loading. The proposed methodology can be viewed as a novel valuable tool to be used in parametric and methodical clinical studies regarding features (e.g., age, diseases, drugs) influencing bone shear fracture under mode II loading.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture characterization of human cortical bone under mode II loading using the end-notched flexure test

Silva

Moura

Dourado

et al. 2016

Med Biol Eng Comput

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because in vivo bone fractures are often initiated and/or promoted by cracks, Fracture Mechanics emerges as an essential tool to assess bone tissue quality, in order to improve the diagnoses of fracture risks and the treatment of bone diseases (Wang and Puram, 2004). To date, most assessments of the toughness of cortical bone have involved linear-elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), which yield a singlevalued fracture parameter: the critical stress intensity factor or the critical energy release rate (Norman et al, 1995(Norman et al, , 1996. The majority of the works have focused on the resistance to pre-crack starting advance under tension, both in the longitudinal (Norman et al, 1995(Norman et al, , 1996 and transverse (Phelps et al, 2000) axes of long bones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, most assessments of the toughness of cortical bone have involved linear-elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), which yield a singlevalued fracture parameter: the critical stress intensity factor or the critical energy release rate (Norman et al, 1995(Norman et al, , 1996. The majority of the works have focused on the resistance to pre-crack starting advance under tension, both in the longitudinal (Norman et al, 1995(Norman et al, , 1996 and transverse (Phelps et al, 2000) axes of long bones. A variety of fracture test specimens has been used: the compact tension (CT) specimen (Norman et al, 1995); the chevron-notched beam specimen (Yan et al, 2006); the compact sandwich tension specimen (Wang and Agrawal, 1996); and the single-edge notched beam (SEN) specimen (Phelps et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The double cantilever beam test applied to mode I fracture characterization of cortical bone tissue

Morais

Moura

Pereira

et al. 2010

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compliance Fracture toughness Modeling A B S T R A C TThe primary objective of this work was to analyse the adequacy of the Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test in determining fracture toughness under pure mode I loading of cortical bone tissue. A new data reduction scheme based on specimen compliance and the crack equivalent concept was used to overcome the difficulties inherent in crack monitoring during its growth. It provides a complete resistance curve, which is fundamental in estimating the fracture energy. A cohesive zone model was used to simulate damage initiation and propagation, thus assessing the efficacy of the proposed testing method and data reduction scheme. Subsequently, the DCB test was applied to evaluate the mode I fracture energy of hydrated and thermally dehydrated cortical bone tissue from young bovine femur, in the tangential-longitudinal propagation system. The results obtained demonstrate the efficacy of the DCB test and the proposed data reduction scheme on the bone fracture characterization under mode I loading.

show abstract

“…As is discussed later in this report, microcracks present in bone typically propagate throughout the cement line, commonly avoiding penetrating osteons themselves. (30,32,38) Prendergast and Huiskes (1996) reported that within osteonal cortical bone, lamellar layers create secondary osteons by surrounding the Haversian canal…”

Section: Osteonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study was performed by Norman et al (1996) on microcracks in human cortical bone, and how the tissue of bone resists crack propagation. They hypothesized that human bone has a tendency to form microdamage in tension as opposed to shear regions.…”

Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regression Analysis of Fracture Toughness for Secondary Osteons Located in Human Cortical Bone

Fetzer¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Regression Analysis of Fracture Toughness for Secondary Osteons LocatedIn Human Cortical Bone Chase Alexander Fetzer An experiment was carried out in order to locate and quantify osteon types within a sample of cortical bone taken from a human tibia. This was done using a microscopecamera assembly and the BioQuant computer software. The results of this were correlated with a previous experiment's results on fracture toughness so that an analysis could be run on the data in order to determine the factors that most affect the value of fracture toughness of this cortical bone. Results were examined closely and the analysis repeated until the author was satisfied that the best possible model for fracture toughness had been achieved. A combination of usable parameters included: region, porosity, volume fraction of lightfield osteons, volume fraction of hooped osteons, volume fraction of dark osteons, volume fraction of alternating osteons, volume fraction total, density, average diameter total, average diameter of hooped osteons, average diameter of lightfield osteons, average diameter of darkfield osteons and average diameter of alternating osteons. This model explains the parameters that most affect fracture toughness by using a regression analysis, which also provides a regression equation to show exactly how much each specific parameter affects the fracture toughness value.v

show abstract

Resistance to crack growth in human cortical bone is greater in shear than in tension

Cited by 101 publications

References 28 publications

Fracture characterization of human cortical bone under mode II loading using the end-notched flexure test

Fracture characterization of human cortical bone under mode II loading using the end-notched flexure test

The double cantilever beam test applied to mode I fracture characterization of cortical bone tissue

Regression Analysis of Fracture Toughness for Secondary Osteons Located in Human Cortical Bone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About