Resistance Spot Welding Metallurgy of Thin Sheets of Zinc-Coated Interstitial-Free Steel

Beni, Sajad Salimi; Atapour, Masoud; Salmani, Mohammad; Ashiri, Rouholah

doi:10.1007/s11661-019-05146-8

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The grain size of HAZ is far smaller than that of the BM. The peak temperature of HAZ is higher than 550 °C and it is lower than the melting point of the BM [27]. In the welding process, the welding heat input radiates from the weld centre to its outer part.…”

Section: The Characteristics Of the Welded Joints Obtained By The 1 S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The signal-to-noise (SN) ratios and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed that the influence of the electrode force on the tensile strength was very low, while the most crucial factor was the welding current. As for the welding of galvanized steel, the Zn coating will be pressed out of the contact surface of the metal sheets, which gives rise to higher temperature distributions in the contact area [12]. Besides, its electrical resistance is much lower, and higher welding heat input should be employed to generate the weld nugget with the acceptable size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding

Zhao¹,

Vdonin²,

Bezgans³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Electrode degradation in continuous resistance spot welding process of BH 220 steel was evaluated by electrode life test, and weldability tests were conducted by geometry features measurement, mechanical property analysis, and electrode diameter measurement with 88 or 176 weld intervals. The analysis of weld geometry shows that the HAZ width, nugget diameter, and nugget area tend to decrease rapidly, while the nugget height tends to firstly increase with the weld repetitions till the welding heat input becomes too small to form the valid nugget. The peak load shows a rapid downward trend, while failure energy and maximum displacement slightly increase till the 176th weld and then decrease. The cavities and pores in the nugget mainly appear after the 176th spot weld. The electrode diameter increases during welding. The reason for the increase in electrode diameter may be that the contact area between the electrode and BH 220 steel sheets becomes smaller in the welding process, which causes the continuous sticking phenomenon between the electrode and the BH 220 steel sheets. In the absence of alloying, the edge of the electrode is geometrically deformed, while Cu-Zn-Fe alloying occurs in the area in contact with the BH 220 steel sheet.

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Section: The Characteristics Of the Welded Joints Obtained By The 1 S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding

Zhao¹,

Vdonin²,

Bezgans³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Widmanstatten ferrite is not able to dissolve more carbon under its equilibrium situation when austenite changes into ferrite. A possible formation mechanism of the acicular bainite is owing to the point that it forms at a temperature slightly above the temperature of Ms (498°C) [27]. Bainite is then formed, following the same mechanism as Widmanstatten ferrite, with needles appearing when further supercooled.…”

Section: The Characteristics Of the Welded Joints Obtained By The 1 S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding

Zhao¹,

Vdonin²,

Bezgans³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrode degradation in continuous resistance spot welding of BH 220 steel was evaluated by electrode life test, and weldability tests were conducted by measuring the geometric features, mechanical property analysis, and measuring electrode diameter with 88 or 176 weld intervals. The analysis of weld geometries shows that the HAZ width, nugget diameter, and nugget area tend to decrease rapidly, while the nugget height tends to firstly increase with the weld repetitions till the welding heat input becomes too small to form the valid nugget. The peak load showed a rapid downward trend, while failure energy and maximum displacement slightly increases till the 176th weld and then decreases. The cavities and pores in the nugget mainly appeared after the 176th spot weld. The electrode diameter increases during welding. The reason for the increase in electrode diameter may be that the contact area between the electrode and BH 220 steel sheets becomes smaller in the welding process, which causes the continuous sticking phenomenon between the electrode and the BH 220 steel sheets. In the absence of alloying, the edge of the electrode is geometrically deformed due to the deformation of the electrode, while Cu-Zn-Fe alloying occurs in the area in contact with the BH 220 steel sheet.

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“…Considering the advantages of the welding technologies, i.e. high operating speed, no additional consumables, simplicity of operation and automation [2], [3], and equipment' developments, built-up elements decrease the manufacturing process time. The resistance spot welding is a technology highly used in automotive industry and was proven to be suitable also for built-up cold-formed elements, [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resistance spot welding is a technology highly used in automotive industry and was proven to be suitable also for built-up cold-formed elements, [4]. Nevertheless, cold-formed elements are galvanised elements and the presence of zinc can lead to the weld quality concern [2] which requires more studies on such elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigations on built‐up cold‐formed steel beams for long spans

Ungureanu¹,

Luka•ević

Both

et al. 2021

ce papers

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The material saving obtained by using thin‐walled cold‐formed steel elements is well‐known for small structures as well as for common industrial structures. Additional to the truss type structures, another solution for obtaining light‐weight elements consist of connecting cold‐formed steel profiles as the flange to the corrugated steel sheets as the web. The resistance spot welding connecting technique is an advanced solution which offers reduced manpower and time for element production. These built‐up elements have shown their feasibility and high bearing capacity in previous studies. The present paper highlights additional characteristic responses of cold‐formed steel elements that extend in the response of built‐up corrugated web beams. The parameters considered in the numerical model include the span of the beam, the height of the beam, the thickness of the corrugated web plates, the thickness of the shear panel, the number of resistance spot welds and the orientation of the beam axis. By considering the real case configuration of industrial buildings, pitched roofs require the beams to have an inclination. The analyzed inclined beams exhibited increased capacity due to the redistribution of internal forces, growing the attractiveness of this solution.

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Resistance Spot Welding Metallurgy of Thin Sheets of Zinc-Coated Interstitial-Free Steel

Cited by 41 publications

References 34 publications

Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding

Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding

Correlating Electrode Degradation with Weldability of Galvanized BH 220 Steel during Electrode Failure Process of Resistance Spot Welding

Numerical investigations on built‐up cold‐formed steel beams for long spans

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