Resistance Performance of a Ship in Model-Scaled Brash Ice Fields Using CFD and DEM Coupling Model

Abstract

The brash ice channel formed with icebreaker navigation is a normal working scenario for ice-going vessels. Therefore, it is necessary to study brash ice resistance in this condition. In this study, CFD and DEM coupling methods were adopted to investigate the resistance performance of a ship sailing in model-scaled brash ice fields, considering the collision force and friction resistance, among the brash ice, and the water resistance and hydrodynamic force of brash ice, which make up physical scenarios of navigation in the brash ice channel. To study the effect of aforementioned parameters on the average total resistance, the time step, iteration, and brash ice stiffness were analyzed; we found that a time step of 0.02 s, iteration of 10, and brash ice stiffness of 1000 N/m that showed better repeatability of the physical phenomenon, and it was used to reproduce working conditions created in the HSVA ice tank test. The error between the numerical simulation results and the test results is less than 5%, which shows the robustness of the present coupling strategy. Finally, the effects of ship–ice friction coefficient, ice thickness, ice shape, brash ice channel width, and ice concentration on the resistance of the ship were investigated and verified with the published results.

On risk management of shipping system in ice-covered waters: Review, analysis and toolbox based on an eight-year polar project

“…The models can be categorized based on their scenario features into e.g. models on global ice loas in level ice (Tan et al, 2014;Xuan et al, 2021;Li et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020b;Ni et al, 2020) as well as escort in level ice (Liu and Ji, 2021), ice resistance in pack and thin ice (Zong and Zhou, 2019), ship resistance in open-water ice channel (Huang et al, 2021), narrow ice channel (Sazonov and Dobrodeev, 2021;Li et al, 2021) as well as in restricted brash ice channel (Zhang et al, 2022;Luo et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2022), ship resistance in unconsolidated ridges (Gong et al, 2019), resistance in ice floes (Huang et al, 2020(Huang et al, , 2021b, broken ice pieces . In addition, Kim et al (2020) and Sun et al (2022) applied machine learning method to estimate ice resistance based on model test data, while Milaković et al (2020) established machine learning model based on simulation data.…”

A Numerical Prediction of the Resistance of Bulk Carriers in Brash Ice Channels

“…The rapid development of computer technologies makes it possible to predict iceinduced resistance through numerical methods. The discrete element method (DEM) is one of the most used numerical methods to solve ice-ship interaction [16], and it was first developed by Cundall and Strack [17]. This method treats the discrete medium as a group of discrete elements.…”