Resistance of European winter wheat germplasm to leaf rust

Abstract

-Seventy two wheat cultivars and breeding lines were tested for at least two years in up to ten European countries for resistance against leaf rust under field conditions. In addition, seedling resistance was determined with local races and with defined isolates to postulate resistance genes. Nine entries (Batis, Capo, RE9001, RE9801, Terza, Toronit, Titlis, Barra, Beaufort) were highly resistant at all locations, and were regarded as excellent sources of resistance for breeding programs. Two thirds of the 72 entries possess adult plant and/or partial resistance. Cultivars with the gene Lr13 differed greatly in disease response showing that Lr13 alone does not provide adequate resistance in Europe. Gene Lr37 provided generally good adult plant resistance but seedlings with this gene were moderately susceptible. Many of the wheat cultivars/lines investigated possess unidentified adult plant resistance gene(s). Seedling resistance was attributable mostly to the genes Lr1, Lr3a, Lr3ka, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr17b, Lr20 or Lr26. Triticum aestivum / Puccinia recondita / wheat / leaf rust / resistance Résumé -Résistance du germplasme de blé d'hiver européen à la rouille des feuilles. Pendant au moins deux ans, 72 cultivars et lignées de sélection avancées de blé ont été testées aux champs dans dix pays européens pour évaluer la résistance à la rouille des feuilles. De plus, la résistance a été évaluée lors d'essais en laboratoire sur des plantules infec-

Genetic analysis of rust resistance genes in global wheat cultivars: an overview

“…The combined effects of the adult resistance genes Lr11, Lr12, Lr13, Lr22b, Lr35, and Lr37 have been reported in 55% of European wheat cultivars [18]. The combined effects of seedling resistance genes, such as Lr16, Lr47, Lr19, Lr41, Lr21, Lr25 and Lr29, with APR genes, such as Lr34, SV2, Lr46, might explain the highly durable and effective leaf rust control that has been achieved in Argentinean wheat cultivars [45].…”

“…Wheat leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks) is the most destructive and prevalent rust disease [17] and has adapted to a wide range of environments, allowing it to coexist with wheat in all growing environments [18]. The disease continuously evolves and forms novel virulent races [17,19], causing direct yield losses and decreased yield quality.…”

“…Conversely, Lr24 is widely ineffective in North and South America and in South Africa but is effective in Australia and the Indian sub-continent [188] as well as in European wheat cultivars. The resistance genes Lr3a, Lr10, Lr13, Lr14a, Lr20, Lr26 and Lr37 are the most common in the modern European winter wheat germplasm [18]; specifically, eastern European wheat cultivars carrying Lr26 show good resistance against leaf rust disease and are therefore popular options [189]. The Lr3, Lr3ka, Lr3bg, and Lr26 genes are most frequently found in Western European wheat cultivars [190].…”

Determination of the cluster of wheat rust resistance genes Yr17, Lr37, and Sr38 by a molecular marker

“…The gene cluster Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 was investigated in a set of cultivars in which gene Lr37 has been postulated SINGH et al 2001;WINZELER et al 2000), as well as in some cultivars registered in the Czech Republic, selected mainly because of the presence of western European cultivars in their pedigrees. The seed of the unregistered cultivars Hussar, Eureka, Torfrida, Renan, Rendezvous, Rapier and Brigadier originated from the Gene Bank Prague-Ruzyně, seed of registered cultivars (Table 1) from the Central Institute for Supervision and Testing in Agriculture of the Czech Republic.…”

Seedling and adult plant resistance to leaf rust in some Egyptian wheat genotypes

“…Yield losses due to leaf rust disease may be more than 50% for some susceptible wheat genotypes (German et al, 2007). Breeding wheat genotypes with resistance to leaf rust is the most effective control method and environment friendly approach to reduce the yield losses (Winzeler et al, 2000).…”