Resistance of Cross Laminated Timber Members Under Axial Loading—A Review of Current Design Rules

Li, Xin; Ashraf, Mahmud; Subhani, Mahbube; Kafle, Bidur; Kremer, Paul A.

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0802-8_25

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A empresa austríaca KHL, uma das primeiras a trabalhar na fabricação e desenvolvimento do CLT, juntou esforços com a Graz University of Technology, uma das universidades públicas do país. Assim, não demorou para que nos anos seguintes, outros países da Europa Central adotassem o sistema construtivo, o que abriu espaço para que esta fosse uma das regiões onde seu uso fosse primeiro consolidado (LI et al, 2020).…”

Section: Panorama Internacional -Uso E Implantação Do Clt: Países Con...unclassified

Panorama internacional e nacional do uso e aplicação do sistema construtivo Cross Laminated Timber – CLT

Almeida

Hirosawa

Mariano

et al. 2022

CONJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nas últimas décadas o sistema construtivo Cross Laminated Timber - CLT passou por um processo de disseminação mundial significativa. Tal crescimento é pautado principalmente nas questões de sustentabilidade, visto que, a matéria-prima do CLT é a madeira procedente do plantio florestal. Entretanto, enquanto em alguns países o CLT é um sistema construtivo consolidado, em outros, o uso ainda encontra-se em processo inicial de desenvolvimento. Desta forma, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar o panorama internacional e nacional do uso e aplicação do CLT, a fim de compreender as potencialidades e os desafios da expansão deste sistema construtivo. O método de análise tem por embasamento a revisão de literatura de artigos por pares. Os resultados indicam que na Europa e América do Norte, o CLT é um sistema de construção amplamente utilizado, enquanto que na Ásia, Oceania, África do Sul, América Central e no continente sul-americano ainda encontra-se em processo de consolidação. Palavras-chave: Cross Laminated Timber - CLT; Sistema construtivo; Sustentabilidade.

show abstract

Section: Panorama Internacional -Uso E Implantação Do Clt: Países Con...unclassified

Panorama internacional e nacional do uso e aplicação do sistema construtivo Cross Laminated Timber – CLT

Almeida

Hirosawa

Mariano

et al. 2022

CONJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CLT is generally considered as a panel product, which can support considerable loads in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions [2,3]. However, one performance criteria that can limit the product design potential is the rolling shear (RS) properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Factors Influencing Rolling Shear Performance of Australian CLT Feedstock

Kumar

Faircloth²,

Shanks

et al. 2023

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an investigation on the influence of various factors on rolling shear (RS) properties of timber feedstock for cross laminated timber (CLT) available from Australian plantation forest resources. Comparison of RS properties between three softwood species namely southern pine, radiata pine and hoop pine are presented. Furthermore, the effect of modulus of elasticity (MOE), equilibrium moisture content (EMC), aspect ratio, knots and projection length on rolling shear behaviour were investigated. Mean RS modulus for radiata pine, southern pine and hoop pine samples were 74.7 MPa, 87.1 MPa and 99.7 MPa, whilst the RS strength of those species were 2.6 MPa, 3.1 MPa and 3.7 MPa, respectively. Radiata pine samples exhibited the lowest values for RS modulus and strength, almost 30% less than those of hoop pine samples. The study confirmed that the density and MOE had a very weak correlation with RS properties for all pine species. There was an obvious decrease in RS modulus (by 18%) when the woods’ conditioned EMC changed from 8% to 12%. A further 33% decrease was observed when the woods’ conditioned EMC increased from 12% to 16%. However, the percentage increase in RS strength was found to be 23% higher in wood with 12% conditioned EMC while compared against wood conditioned to 16% EMC. RS strength improved with increased aspect ratio; however, RS modulus remained almost unaffected. Moreover, the projection length that resulted in the load passing through the centroid of the specimen resulted in lower RS modulus values, but the presence of knots improved both RS strength and modulus for all three tested species.

show abstract

“…Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is an engineered wood product (EWP) formed from sized lumbers and orthogonally laminated. This relatively new form of EWP is reported to be extensively employed in many projects, including mid-rise and even high-rise buildings, due to its unique cross-wise layups that can tolerate large loads and stresses either in-plane or out-of-plane [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. CLT might be regarded as a stand-alone element because of its high degree of prefabrication and load-carrying capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is also reflected by the failure modes observed in these different loading directions. Li et al [ 5 ] investigated the withdrawal resistance of a single self-tapping screw in CLT manufactured from radiata pine ( Pinus radiata ). According to their results, column-like pull out of timber components was observed when self-tapping screws were axially withdrawn parallel to the grain direction, whilst the tearing failure of adjacent fibers occurred when they were withdrawn perpendicular to the grain direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Withdrawal Performance of Nails and Screws in Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Made of Poplar (Populus alba) and Fir (Abies alba)

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) can be used as an element in various parts of timber structures, such as bridges. Fast-growing hardwood species, like poplar, are useful in regions where there is a lack of wood resources. In this study, the withdrawal resistance of nine types of conventional fasteners (stainless-steel nails, concrete nails and screws, drywall screws, three types of partially and fully threaded wood screws, and two types of lag screws), with three loading directions (parallel to the grain, perpendicular to the surface, and tangential), and two layer arrangements (0-90-0° and 0-45-0°) in 3-ply CLTs made of poplar as a fast-growing species and fir as a common species in manufacturing of CLT was investigated. Lag screws (10 mm) displayed the highest withdrawal resistance (145.77 N), whereas steel nails had the lowest (13.13 N), according to the main effect analysis. Furthermore, fasteners loaded perpendicular to the grain (perpendicular to the surface and tangential) had higher withdrawal resistance than those loaded parallel to the grain (edge). In terms of the layer arrangement, fasteners in CLTs manufactured from poplar wood (0-45-0°) had the greatest withdrawal resistance, followed by CLTs manufactured from poplar wood in the (0-90-0°) arrangement, and finally, those made from fir wood in the (0-90-0°) arrangement. The fastener type had the most significant impact on the withdrawal resistance, so changing the fastener type from nails to screws increased it by about 5–11 times, which is consistent with other studies. The results showed that poplar, a fast-growth species, is a proper wood for manufacturing CLTs in terms of fastener withdrawal performance.

show abstract

Resistance of Cross Laminated Timber Members Under Axial Loading—A Review of Current Design Rules

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Panorama internacional e nacional do uso e aplicação do sistema construtivo Cross Laminated Timber – CLT

Panorama internacional e nacional do uso e aplicação do sistema construtivo Cross Laminated Timber – CLT

Investigating Factors Influencing Rolling Shear Performance of Australian CLT Feedstock

Withdrawal Performance of Nails and Screws in Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Made of Poplar (Populus alba) and Fir (Abies alba)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About