Resistance of bonded premolars to four artificial ageing models post enamel conditioning with a novel calcium-phosphate paste

Abstract

Bond strength to calcium-phosphate treated enamel e317

Bond Strength Survival of a Novel Calcium Phosphate-Enriched Orthodontic Self-Etching System after Various Ageing Protocols: An In Vitro Study

“…One-month water storage (1 MW): the samples were kept in distilled water (pH=6) for 30 days at 37°C and the distilled water was replenished daily [ 20 ].…”

A remineralizing orthodontic etchant that utilizes calcium phosphate ion clusters

“…Ibrahim et al explained that when Ca–P-based materials are included in the etching solution, phosphate is buffered, causing the re-precipitation of Ca–P and simultaneously limiting the demineralization of the enamel by acidic solutions. Another study by Ibrahim et al using a Ca–P-based etchant also found that enamel conditioned with an acidic Ca–P paste (β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate powders mixed with 37% H 3 PO 4 solution) achieved adequate bond strength with minimal or no adhesive residue or enamel damage ( Ibrahim et al, 2020 ). In a study by Ibrahim et al, the pH was increased from 0.8 to 1.4 after mixing Ca–P powder in 35% H 3 PO 4 , and this resulted in a less aggressive etchant that prevented enamel demineralization through a buffering effect and improved adhesion ( Ibrahim et al, 2019 ).…”

“…Efforts have been made to overcome these iatrogenic factors while preventing the loss of minerals: remineralizing or preventing demineralization by supplying fluoride ( Jablonski-Momeni et al, 2020 ; Aldhaian et al, 2021 ; Althagafi, 2022 ), including components for remineralization in pretreatment materials such as adhesives ( Liu et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2022 ), processing adhesives prior to pretreatment of remineralizing materials such as casein phosphopeptide-amorphous Ca–P (ACP) or bioactive glass ( Ladhe et al, 2014 ; Mobarak et al, 2015 ; Bakry and Abbassy, 2019 ; Abbassy et al, 2021 ; Aref and Alrasheed, 2022 ), and the use of Ca or Ca–P-based materials in the enamel etching solution ( Ibrahim et al, 2019 ; Ibrahim et al, 2020 ; Tuma and Yassir, 2021 ). Ibrahim et al (2019 ) reported the development of an etchant paste prepared by mixing β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate powder with 35% H 3 PO 4 .…”

Effect of ageing media on shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded with different adhesive systems (A comparative in-vitro study)

“…(5) Once the bonding procedures were completed, the bonded teeth of first group were stored in the incubator in distilled water inside sealed containers at 37°C for 30 days with daily refreshment, in order to avoid the cumulative effects. (12,13) While the bonded teeth in the second group stored in deionized water for 24 hours at 37°C prior to the acidic challenge experiment. The acidic solution (pH=2.5) of 500 ml was prepared by gradual addition of 1.5 ml of HCl [1M] in distilled water.…”

“…After each session, each storage medium was periodically renewed, and before and after each session, the samples were rinsed with water and air dried. (13)…”