Resistance modelling of ammonia exchange over oilseed rape

Nemitz, Eiko; Sutton, Mark A.; Schjøerring, Jan K.; Husted, Søren; Wyers, G.P.

doi:10.1016/s0168-1923(00)00206-9

Cited by 145 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is similar to the resistance model used for HNO 3 except that it includes a stomatal compensation point and soil emission. The stomatal compensation point (mg NH 3 m À3 ) was calculated according to Nemitz et al (2000) as a function of temperature and the leaf emission potential…”

Section: Long-term Data Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO₂ enrichment

Sparks

Walker

Turnipseed

2007

Global Change Biology

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The quantification of atmospheric additions of nitrogen (N) to an ecosystem is often desirable, but difficult for many locations including many ecological manipulation experiments. Ideal methodologies for the complete and chemically speciated quantification of dry N deposition (e.g. tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer, thermaldissociation laser-induced fluorescence) are expensive, technologically challenging to maintain, and rarely colocated with important global change manipulation experiments. Here we present an alternative method for obtaining an approximation of total N deposition using short-term eddy flux and concentration measurements, annual regional concentration estimates, and modeling for the Duke Experimental Forest. The motivation for generating estimates for this location was to inform the long-term elevated CO 2 experiment conducted at Duke Forest. We estimated the total annual atmospheric N deposition to the forest to be 13.7 kg N ha À1 . Of this total, $58% was in dry-deposited forms. Surprisingly, and contrary to some previous predictions, nitric acid (HNO 3 ) was not the dominant portion of the total dry-deposited N, implying strongly that other forms of gaseous N like organic peroxy and alkyl nitrate compounds are a significant portion of the total flux. Furthermore, this study sheds light on the completeness of the estimates derived from Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) and other dry deposition networks. CASTNet does not measure organic forms of dry deposition. In fact, CASTNet only quantifies HNO 3 in the gas phase and may significantly underestimate total N deposition in many environments.

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Section: Long-term Data Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO₂ enrichment

Sparks

Walker

Turnipseed

2007

Global Change Biology

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“…In some situations the exchange is bi-directional resulting in emissions from the vegetation to the atmosphere as well as deposition from the atmosphere to the vegetation. Models such as those detailed in Section 3 can be used to calculate a deposition flux from a measured concentration (Nemitz et al, 2000b). However, these models require a lot of site specific input data (e.g.…”

Section: Review Of Methods For Monitoring Nh 3 Concentrations and Depmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resistance to cuticular deposition of NH 3, R w , is often modelled as a function of relative humidity RH, as follows (van Hove et al, 1989;Sutton et al, 1995a;Nemitz et al,2000b):…”

Section: Cuticular Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The large variability of NH x deposition near sources is known to depend critically on the canopy structure surrounding the source (roughness, side fluxes) (Klaassen, 1991;Draaijers et al, 1994;De Jong and Klaassen, 1997;Theobald et al, 2001;, the NH 3 emissions from the canopy (Schjoerring et al, 1998;Riedo et al, 2002), the litter (Nemitz et al, 2000a(Nemitz et al, , 2000b, or from the soil (Génermont and Cellier, 1997), as well as the non-stomatal NH 3 fluxes (van Hove et al, 1989;Erisman and Wyers, 1993;Sutton et al, 1995a;Fléchard et al, 1999;. Less known, are wet deposition fluxes and chemical transformations of NH x near intensive sources, as well as direct emissions of particulate NH 4 + (McCulloch et al, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An equation for c canopy can be simplified to yield: where α (z) is a dimensionless height dependent constant (Nemitz et al, 2000b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ammonia Deposition Near Hot Spots: Processes, Models and Monitoring Methods

Loubet¹,

Asman

Theobald

et al.

Atmospheric Ammonia

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ABSTRACT. Atmospheric reduced nitrogen (NH x ) mainly originates from hot spots, which can be considered as intensive area or point sources. A large fraction of the emitted NH x may be recaptured by the surrounding vegetation, hence reducing the contribution of these hot spots to long-range transport of NH x . This paper reviews the processes leading to local recapture of NH x near hot spots as well as existing models and monitoring methods. The existing models range from research models to more operational models that can be coupled with long-range transport model provided the necessary information on emissions is available. Local recapture of NH 3 ranges from 2% to 60% within 2 km of a hot-spot and it is sensitive to source height, atmospheric stability, wind speed, structure of the surrounding canopies, as well as stomatal absorption, which mainly depends on green leaf area index and stomatal NH 3 compensation point of vegetation, and finally, cuticular deposition, which depends primarily on vegetation wetness. The main uncertainties and limitations on NH x recapture models and monitoring techniques are discussed.

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Half‐Century Ammonia Emissions From Agricultural Systems in Southern Asia: Magnitude, Spatiotemporal Patterns, and Implications for Human Health

Pan

Chen

et al. 2018

GeoHealth

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Much concern has been raised about the increasing threat to air quality and human health due to ammonia (NH3) emissions from agricultural systems, which is associated with the enrichment of reactive nitrogen (N) in southern Asia (SA), home of more than 60% the world's population (i.e., the people of West, central, East, South, and Southeast Asia). Southern Asia consumed more than half of the global synthetic N fertilizer and was the dominant region for livestock waste production since 2004. Excessive N application could lead to a rapid increase of NH3 in the atmosphere, resulting in severe air and water pollution in this region. However, there is still a lack of accurate estimates of NH3 emissions from agricultural systems. In this study, we simulated the agricultural NH3 fluxes in SA by coupling the Bidirectional NH3 exchange module (Bi‐NH3) from the Community Multi‐scale Air Quality model with the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model. Our results indicated that NH3 emissions were 21.3 ± 3.9 Tg N yr−1 from SA agricultural systems with a rapidly increasing rate of ~0.3 Tg N yr−2 during 1961−2014. Among the emission sources, 10.8 Tg N yr−1 was released from synthetic N fertilizer use, and 10.4 ± 3.9 Tg N yr−1 was released from manure production in 2014. Ammonia emissions from China and India together accounted for 64% of the total amount in SA during 2000−2014. Our results imply that the increased NH3 emissions associated with high N inputs to croplands would likely be a significant threat to the environment and human health unless mitigation efforts are applied to reduce these emissions.

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Resistance modelling of ammonia exchange over oilseed rape

Cited by 145 publications

References 38 publications

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO₂ enrichment

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO₂ enrichment

Ammonia Deposition Near Hot Spots: Processes, Models and Monitoring Methods

Half‐Century Ammonia Emissions From Agricultural Systems in Southern Asia: Magnitude, Spatiotemporal Patterns, and Implications for Human Health

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Resistance modelling of ammonia exchange over oilseed rape

Cited by 145 publications

References 38 publications

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO2 enrichment

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO2 enrichment

Ammonia Deposition Near Hot Spots: Processes, Models and Monitoring Methods

Half‐Century Ammonia Emissions From Agricultural Systems in Southern Asia: Magnitude, Spatiotemporal Patterns, and Implications for Human Health

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Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO₂ enrichment

Dry nitrogen deposition estimates over a forest experiencing free air CO₂ enrichment