Resistance-Gene Cassettes Associated With<i>Salmonella enterica</i>Genotypes

Bakhshi, Bita; Ghafari, M M; Pourshafie, Mohammad Reza; Zarbakhsh, B; Katouli, Mohammad; Rahbar, Mohammad; Hajia, Massoud; Hosseini-Aliabad, Neda; Boustanshenas, Mina

doi:10.1309/lmfn8d17sohqhgrp

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These V. cholerae isolates have been genotyped and it has been noted that dominant strains have been changing gradually to Inaba (Table 1). It was demonstrated that these infections had been transmitted by foreign travellers [22], [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genotyping of isolates was performed by PFGE using PulseNet standard procedure for V. cholerae specimens [30]. The whole agarose-embedded genomic DNA from V. cholerae was prepared and the previously described procedure [24], [26], [27], [31] was carried out. The fingerprinting patterns in the PFGE gels were re-analysed using the computer software package BioNumerics 6.6 (Applied Maths, Keistraat 120.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results were analysed and interpreted according to the guidelines proposed by Tenover et al. [24], [32], [33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All technical staff were trained during workshops held by EMRO in Cairo from 2006 to 2009. It was decided to run some research projects using this technique in order to acquire experience [14], [20], [23], [24]. After that, the PFGE technique was validated and standardized for food-borne pathogens isolated in 2010.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is being applied as a critical tool for the monitoring and control of enteric pathogens worldwide [21]. This procedure is used in the Health Reference Laboratory, especially for cholera patients in Iran [22], [23], [24], [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In silico characteristics for re-emerging possibility of Vibrio cholerae genotypes in Iran

Hajia

Sohrabi

2019

New Microbes and New Infections

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Epidemic cholera has been registered several times within recent years in Iran. The dominant genotype was Ogawa until 2011, but this gradually changed to Inaba. However, in 2015, the re-appearance of a previous Ogawa genotype was detected by the Iranian CDC. This raised worries because no evidence was found for its origin abroad. The aim of the present study was to identify clearly the source of this outbreak. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to compare the recently detected Vibrio cholerae strains with those isolated from 2011 to 2015. We selected one strain per PFGE pattern, and compared the distinct patterns. BioNumerics software was applied, which enables interpretation of phenotypic and genotypic differences. In total, we studied 33 V. cholerae Ogawa strains. Analysis showed that strains could be discriminated on the basis of annual clusters but with a similarity of more than 80%. The highest homology was observed among those isolated each year from 2011 to 2014. In contrast, strains isolated in 2015 also exhibited close correlation with each other but were located in distinct clusters. The analysis also proved genetic variations among some strains. All 2015 strains showed differences with regard to previous genotypes despite some similarities. The new genotypes were probably imported into Iran from neighbouring countries such as Iraq by travellers or contaminated food sources since 2015. However, more investigations are required to identify the exact source of the 2015 outbreak.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results were analysed and interpreted according to the guidelines proposed by Tenover et al. [24], [32], [33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In silico characteristics for re-emerging possibility of Vibrio cholerae genotypes in Iran

Hajia

Sohrabi

2019

New Microbes and New Infections

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Heterogeneity of Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella entericaIsolates with Increasing Frequency of Resistance to Ciprofloxacin During a 4-Year Period in Iran

Bakhshi

Dehghan-Mouriaabadi

Kiani

2018

Microbial Drug Resistance

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About 44% increase in MDR phenotype among S. enterica isolates during a 4-year period and concomitant appearance of ciprofloxacin resistance is a traumatic situation for health professionals in Iran. PFGE profiles offered a satisfactory discriminatory power, which was positively correlated with S. enterica serogrouping. The current study marks the superiority of PFGE method over other conventional molecular techniques in epidemiological investigations; however, their limitations need to be addressed for further refinement.

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Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance Program in Iran: Present Status and Future Prospect

Hajia

2018

Int J Epidemiol Res

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Background and aims: The food-borne pathogens appear to be a reemerging and endless problem in the human community all over the world. Hence, all the outbreaks should be constantly monitored for pandemic strains and new mutant genotypes. The main purpose behind the molecular typing methods is the comparison of bacterial isolates to obtain genomic relatedness regarding epidemiological aspects. One of these methods that have been recently reported in several Iranian studies is pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The aim of this study was to review and discuss the current situation and difficulties, and also the necessity of planning for tracking new and re-emerging food-borne pathogens investigating PFGE future status in Iran as a molecular epidemiology tool. Results: According to the results, it was found that this technique requires high investments in both fields of required equipment and software some of which are now available in many research centers. In addition, investigations on various medical search engines revealed that hundreds of studies have been published after 2010 in Iran. These reports indicated that most of these studies were not able to provide an efficient epidemiological analysis of the outbreaks and prevention of future events, except for a few exceptions. Conclusion: A review of the capabilities available in the country in this respect led the researchers to infer that it may be the best time to make a plan on the existence of a general network of collecting and analyzing the results, as well as integrating them into the international databases. It is expected that these responsible institutions to make the required design in this field.

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Resistance-Gene Cassettes Associated WithSalmonella entericaGenotypes

Abstract: The presence of a few common and new pulsotypes among the isolates suggests the emergence and spread of new clones of S. enterica in Iran.

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

In silico characteristics for re-emerging possibility of Vibrio cholerae genotypes in Iran

In silico characteristics for re-emerging possibility of Vibrio cholerae genotypes in Iran

Heterogeneity of Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella entericaIsolates with Increasing Frequency of Resistance to Ciprofloxacin During a 4-Year Period in Iran

Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance Program in Iran: Present Status and Future Prospect

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