Resistance exercise performed with repetitions until failure affects nocturnal blood pressure decreases in hypertensive women

Abstract

Studies have shown that resistance exercise reduces 24-hour blood pressure to levels below resting values, although this is not a universal finding. The number of repetitions has been shown to influence this response. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyze the effects of resistance exercise performed until failure (UF) on 24-hour blood pressure in hypertensive women. Thirteen hypertensive women underwent three experimental sessions in random order: UF, resistance exercise with repetitions before concentric failure (BF) and control (C). Prior to and up to 24 hours after the sessions, cardiovascular variables, as well as the nocturnal fall in blood pressure, the morning surge, and the presence or absence of a blood pressure dip pattern were established using an ambulatory blood pressure monitor. In both wakefulness and sleep there was no significant difference among the three groups. However, after UF and C fewer patients presented a dip in blood pressure (46% and 38%, respectively) compared BF (77%), p=0.047. In conclusion, the UF attenuated blood pressure dips at night in hypertensive patients. Key words: blood pressure, hypertension, muscle failure, resistance exercise. RESUMOEstudos vêm demonstrando que o exercício de força reduz a pressão arterial para níveis abaixo dos valores de repouso, entretanto este não é um achado universal. O número de repetições do exercício parece influenciar essas respostas. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar os efeitos do exercício de força realizado com repetições até a falha concêntrica sobre a pressão arterial de 24 horas em mulheres hipertensas. Treze mulheres hipertensas foram submetidas a três sessões experimentais em ordem aleatória: controle (C), exercício de força até a falha concêntrica (FC) e exercício de força com repetições até a redução da cadência (RC). Antes e 24 horas após as sessões as variáveis cardiovasculares -descenso noturno, ascensão matutina e presença ou não de padrão dipper -foram avaliadas por meio de monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial. Nos períodos diurno e noturno, não houve diferença significativa entre os três grupos. Entretanto, após FC e C, menos sujeitos apresentaram padrão dipper da pressão arterial (46% e 38%, respectivamente) do que quando comparado aos grupos RC (77%), p=0.047. Como conclusão, o FC atenuou a o padrão dipper da pressão arterial noturna em mulheres hipertensas. Palavras-chave: pressão arterial, hipertensão, fadiga muscular, exercício de força.

Acute Aerobic Exercise Induces Short-Term Reductions in Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…All publications included patients diagnosed with hypertension (average age 30-70 years), of which ≈54% were men, and ≈65% were taking antihypertensive medications during the study. [34][35][36][37][38][39][40]43,45,46,[48][49][50][51]58,[60][61][62][63] Some studies included participants who completed a medication washout period before entering the study, 25,32,42,52,53,55,56,59,63,64 whereas other studies included nonmedicated patients with high BP. 33,44,54,57,66,67 Three studies included both medicated and nonmedicated patients with hypertension.…”

“…41,47,65 Exercise Characteristics Exercise sessions lasted on average ≈30 to ≈50 minutes. Different modalities of exercise were analyzed, including aerobic, 25,[32][33][34][35][36][37][39][40][41][42][43][45][46][47]50,[52][53][54][55][57][58][59][60]64,66,67 resistance, 32,38,44,49,51,56,[61][62][63]65 and combined aerobic and resistance exercise. 41,48 Studies analyzing the effects of aerobic exercise applied either light-to-moderate 25,32,33,40,42,45,46,50,…”

Sleep characteristics associated with nocturnal blood pressure nondipping in healthy individuals: a systematic review

“…This phenomenon has emerged as a BP-related biomarker of healthy sleep physiology [1]. Nocturnal BP nondipping, defined as a difference between sleep and wake BP of <10%, has been associated with an increased risk for several cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and should be regarded as abnormal [12]. A recent review [13] highlighted the fact that, while many studies have emphasized the importance of ambulatory BP monitoring, the importance of BP monitoring during sleep has yet to be fully appreciated.…”