Resistance, electron- and laser-beam welding of zirconium alloys for nuclear applications: A review

Slobodyan, Mikhail

doi:10.1016/j.net.2020.10.005

Cited by 41 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…The combustion chamber casing and flame cylinder are generally connected by different welding technology, such as argon arc welding, brazing, vacuum electron beam welding, and other technologies [4][5][6][7] . The vacuum electron beam welding technology is gradually becoming a major welding process for key structures in the aero-engine field due to its characteristics of high vacuum purity, high power density, large weld depth-to-width ratio, narrow heataffected zone, and less welding deformation [8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of electron beam welding technology on mechanical properties of GH4169 welded joints

Yang¹,

Liu

Zhang³

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Super-alloy GH4169 and related welded structures were widely used in the aero-engine industry region. Vacuum electron beam welding is one of the most advanced welding technologies, and the influence of the mechanical property caused by the welding technology still needs further research. Firstly, the hardness, microstructure, and tensile properties of the GH4169 electron beam welded joint were tested. After electron beam welding and two-stage aging treatment, the weld zone was strengthened and its hardness is higher than that of the base metal zone. The microstructure characterization results showed that the grain size of the weld and heat-affected zone was larger than that of the base metal. The tensile results show that the static properties of the welded joint are similar to that of the base metal, and the residual height has no obvious effect on the static strength of the welded joint. The high-temperature creep properties of GH4169 electron beam welded joints with residual height were tested. The results show that residual height will lead to a transient fracture of welded joints under relatively safe service conditions. The fatigue performance of GH4169 welded joints with and without residual height was tested respectively. The results show that the fatigue life of the welded joints without residual height was about 10 times longer than that of the welded joints with residual height under the same stress level, and for the welded joint with residual height, the residual height position will become the main fatigue crack source.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of electron beam welding technology on mechanical properties of GH4169 welded joints

Yang¹,

Liu

Zhang³

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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show abstract

“…Based on a lot of published materials [11][12][13], chromium is suggested as a relevant candidate material as a protective coating for the above-mentioned task. However, special attention should be devoted to the protection of elements having welded joints, as welding is applied to produce spacer grits and/or to weld ends to fuel cladding tubes [14]. Despite the fact that a lot of experiments have been done to determine relevant parameters of Zr alloy welding [15][16][17][18], excluding the formation of cracks, uptake of gaseous species from the atmosphere, and saving mechanical properties, structural properties of welded Zr alloys will differ from bulk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation and Mechanical Behavior of Cr-Coated Laser Beam Welds Made from E110 Zirconium Alloy

et al. 2022

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This article describes the oxidation resistance of laser beam welds made from E110 zirconium alloy with a chromium coating obtained using multi-cathode magnetron sputtering. Oxidation tests of the welded Zr alloy without and with Cr coating were performed in an air atmosphere at 1100 °C for 2–90 min. Then, analysis of their cross-section microstructure in different regions (weld, heat-affected, and bulk zones) was done using optical microscopy. Hardness measurements and three-point bending tests demonstrated the hardening of the Cr-coated welded Zr alloy after the oxidation that is discussed in the article. Brittle fracture behavior was observed for uncoated Zr weld even after a short period of high-temperature oxidation.

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“…Alloys of Zr known as "zircaloy" have been used as the structural material for fuel rods and spacer grids in thermal nuclear reactors. [12][13][14] Zr is used in the fabrication of metallic fuel along with the fissile element uranium and plutonium (U-Pu-Zr), 15 which is a promising future fissile material in fast reactors due to its higher thermal conductivity, compatibility with coolant, ease of fabrication, and less doubling time. The Zr content in the U-Pu-Zr is generally limited up to 10 wt% as a higher weight percent increases the liquidous temperature of the fuel and fabrication of the alloy at high temperatures turns out to be difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method to Eliminate Fluoride Interference in the Spectrophotometric Estimation of Zirconium: Application to U–Zr Alloys

2022

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In the estimation of Zr by UV-visible spectrophotometric technique, fluoride interference is a decade old unsolved problem. The process of repeated fuming with strong acids is often used to remove fluoride from the solution in order to estimate Zr by spectrophotometry analysis. For the first time, in this work, a simple use of AlCl3 is reported as a suppressing reagent to eliminate the interference of fluoride in the estimation of Zr. Xylenol orange in HCl medium is used as a complexing reagent. Linearity in the datum acquired from absorbance at 551 nm (λmax) is achieved over the concentration range 0.25-4.5 µg mL-1 of Zr with a molar absorptivity of 35030 L.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandell’s sensitivity of 0.003 µg.cm-2. Zr is quantified in the variety of U-Zr alloys and various water samples by using spectrophotometric detection with a classical univariate calibration with suppressing of fluoride-interference through AlCl3. Results from this novel analytical method herein developed for the first time are compared with those achieved from gravimetric analysis.

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Resistance, electron- and laser-beam welding of zirconium alloys for nuclear applications: A review

Cited by 41 publications

References 104 publications

The influence of electron beam welding technology on mechanical properties of GH4169 welded joints

The influence of electron beam welding technology on mechanical properties of GH4169 welded joints

Oxidation and Mechanical Behavior of Cr-Coated Laser Beam Welds Made from E110 Zirconium Alloy

Method to Eliminate Fluoride Interference in the Spectrophotometric Estimation of Zirconium: Application to U–Zr Alloys

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