Resistance circuit training combined with hypoxia stimulates bone system of older adults: A randomized trial

Camacho-Cardeñosa, Marta; Camacho-Cardeñosa, Alba; Martínez-Guardado, Ismael; Leal, Alejo; Andrada, Jose María Villa; Timón, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2022.111983

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…EH has been shown to promote physiological changes in bone tissue in older adults, evaluated by the most sensitive and clinically helpful markers of bone resorption, such as serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and of bone formation, such as N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), after 24 weeks of resistance EH [ 67 ]. In healthy males, high-intensity resistance EH over eight weeks was not found to cause significant improvements in BMC, despite increasing the exercise in normoxia by 1.21% [ 68 ], suggesting, at least in part, that the magnitude of the effect of EH on BMC may be associated with increasing age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Kindlovits,

Sousa,

Viana

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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In an increasingly aging and overweight population, osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are major public health concerns. T2DM patients experience prejudicial effects on their bone health, affecting their physical capacity. Exercise in hypoxia (EH) and a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) have been suggested for therapeutic benefits in T2DM, improving bone mineral content (BMC) and glycemic control. This study investigated the effects of EH combined with an LCD on body composition and functional and physiologic capacity in T2DM patients. Older T2DM patients (n = 42) were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) control group: control diet + exercise in normoxia; (2) EH group: control diet + EH; (3) intervention group: LCD + EH. Cardiopulmonary tests (BRUCE protocol), body composition (DEXA), and functional capacity (6MWT, handgrip strength) were evaluated. Body mass index (kg/m2) and body fat (%) decreased in all groups (p < 0.001). BMC (kg) increased in all groups (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher in the EH and EH + LCD groups (p < 0.001). VO2peak improved in all groups (p < 0.001), but more so in the hypoxia groups (p = 0.019). Functional capacity was increased in all groups (p < 0.001), but more so in the EH group in 6MWT (p = 0.030). EH with and without an LCD is a therapeutic strategy for improving bone mass in T2DM, which is associated with cardiorespiratory and functional improvements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Kindlovits,

Sousa,

Viana

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Periodic hypoxia (3% O 2 for 1, 2, or 4 h, 4 days/week) regulates MSC differentiation, improving bone health in aging [163]. A randomized clinical trial found that 24 weeks of normobaric cyclic hypoxic exposure combined with resistance circuit training could potentially yield positive effects on bone in older individuals [164]. Timon et al discovered that 18 weeks of whole-body vibration training with hypoxic stimuli positively affected bone density in elderly individuals [165].…”

Section: Hypoxic Preconditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current insights of mitochondrial hormesis in the occurrence and treatment of bone and cartilage degeneration

Da,

Chen,

Shen

2024

Biol Res

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It is widely acknowledged that aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular phenotypic abnormalities are intricately associated with the degeneration of bone and cartilage. Consequently, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory patterns governing mitochondrial function and its underlying mechanisms holds promise for mitigating the progression of osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, and osteoporosis. Mitochondrial hormesis, referred to as mitohormesis, represents a cellular adaptive stress response mechanism wherein mitochondria restore homeostasis and augment resistance capabilities against stimuli by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), orchestrating unfolded protein reactions (UPRmt), inducing mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDP), instigating mitochondrial dynamic changes, and activating mitophagy, all prompted by low doses of stressors. The varying nature, intensity, and duration of stimulus sources elicit divergent degrees of mitochondrial stress responses, subsequently activating one or more signaling pathways to initiate mitohormesis. This review focuses specifically on the effector molecules and regulatory networks associated with mitohormesis, while also scrutinizing extant mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to bone and cartilage degeneration through oxidative stress damage. Additionally, it underscores the potential of mechanical stimulation, intermittent dietary restrictions, hypoxic preconditioning, and low-dose toxic compounds to trigger mitohormesis, thereby alleviating bone and cartilage degeneration.

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“…Senior adults have elevated circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) that could lead to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases [ 22 ], as well as loss of muscle and bone mass [ 23 , 24 ], causing a drop in functional fitness and personal autonomy. However, resistance training performed under hypoxic environment in older adults enhanced body composition and physical fitness [ 25 ], decreased the low-grade chronic inflammation [ 26 ], and led to beneficial effects on bone turnover biomarkers [ 27 ]. Park et al [ 25 ] concluded that hypoxic training during 12 weeks (3 days/week) caused a significant loss of body weight and % body fat, and an increase in fat-free mass and physical fitness (chair stand, pegboard, one leg standing and tandem test).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Timon et al [ 26 ] showed that 24 weeks of resistance training under IH produced a significant decrease of CRP and IL-8, and an increase of IL-10 concentrations. Likewise, 24-weeks of normobaric hypoxic conditioning caused a 59% drop in levels of C-terminal telopeptide of collagen (b-CTX), which is a bone resorption biomarker that would indicate an improvement in bone turnover and bone health [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of intermittent hypoxia and whole-body vibration training on health-related outcomes in older adults

Timón,

González-Custodio,

Gusi

et al. 2024

Aging Clin Exp Res

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Background Aging is associated with a health impairment and an increase of the vulnerability of the older people. Strength training under intermittent hypoxic conditions has been shown to have therapeutic effects on individual’s health. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combined intermittent hypoxia (IH) and whole-body vibration (WBV) training program on health-related outcomes in older people. Methods A total of 60 adults (over the age of 65) voluntarily participated in an intervention that lasted 20 weeks (three 30-min sessions per week). The participants were divided into four experimental groups subjected to different environmental conditions (IH vs normoxia) and exercise (non-exercise vs WBV). Functional fitness, body composition, metabolic parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, and bone turnover were evaluated before and after the intervention. A multifactorial ANOVA with repeated measures was performed to explore differences within and between groups. Results The results showed that IH and WBV had a positive synergistic effect on inflammatory parameters (CRP and IL-10), bone formation biomarker (PINP), and body composition (muscle and bone mass). Conclusion In conclusion, a combined IH and WVB training could be a useful tool to prevent the deterioration of health-related outcomes associated with aging. Clinical trial registration NCT04281264. https://clinicaltrials.gov/.

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Resistance circuit training combined with hypoxia stimulates bone system of older adults: A randomized trial

Cited by 5 publications

References 56 publications

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Eight Weeks of Intermittent Exercise in Hypoxia, with or without a Low-Carbohydrate Diet, Improves Bone Mass and Functional and Physiological Capacity in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

The current insights of mitochondrial hormesis in the occurrence and treatment of bone and cartilage degeneration

Effects of intermittent hypoxia and whole-body vibration training on health-related outcomes in older adults

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