Resistance Allele Frequency of Helicoverpa zea to Vip3Aa Bacillus thuringiensis Protein in the Southeastern U.S.

Santiago‐González, José C.; Kerns, David L.; Yang, Fei

doi:10.3390/insects14020161

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…These five Vip3Aa resistant strains consisted of one strain CBW‐TX‐LT#70‐RR (abbreviated as LT#70‐RR) derived from Snook, TX in 2019, previously referred to as CEW‐Vip‐RR in Kerns et al 28 26,29 . These five resistant strains have been documented to show between >588.0‐ and 909.1‐fold resistance to Vip3Aa protein in diet‐overlay bioassays relative to the susceptible strain 26,29 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These five Vip3Aa resistant strains consisted of one strain CBW-TX-LT#70-RR (abbreviated as LT#70-RR) derived from Snook, TX in 2019, previously referred to as CEW-Vip-RR in Kerns et al 28 ; one strain CBW-LA-M1-RR (abbreviated as M1-RR) originated from Alexandria, LA in 2019; one strain CBW-LA-AC4-RR (abbreviated as AC4-RR) derived from Winnsboro, LA in 2020; and strains CBW-MS-R2-RR (abbreviated as R2-RR) and CBW-MS-R15-RR (abbreviated as R15-RR) originated from collections in Stoneville, MS in 2020. 26,29 These five resistant strains have been documented to show between >588.0and 909.1-fold resistance to Vip3Aa protein in diet-overlay bioassays relative to the susceptible strain. 26,29 In addition, Vip3Aa resistance in LT#70-RR has been documented to be monogenic, autosomal and recessive.…”

Section: Insect Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26,29 These five resistant strains have been documented to show between >588.0and 909.1-fold resistance to Vip3Aa protein in diet-overlay bioassays relative to the susceptible strain. 26,29 In addition, Vip3Aa resistance in LT#70-RR has been documented to be monogenic, autosomal and recessive. 27 Before the current study, all Vip3Aa resistant strains had been backcrossed with SS and re-selected for resistance at least three times with a discriminating Vip3Aa protein concentration of 10 μg cm −2 in diet-overlay bioassays.…”

Section: Insect Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Subsequently, four additional Vip3Aa-resistant strains of H. zea were established through F 2 screening with field insects collected from Winnsboro and Alexandria in Louisiana, and Stoneville in Mississippi during 2019-2020. 29 The availability of these resistant strains offers a unique opportunity to study the genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in H. zea collected from different geographical locations across different years. The specific objectives of this study were to first characterize the inheritance of Vip3Aa resistance in these four H. zea strains derived from Louisiana and Mississippi populations, and then determine whether the same genetic locus is involved with resistance in the five Vip3Aa resistant strains of H. zea derived from four locations across three southern states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, four additional Vip3Aa‐resistant strains of H . zea were established through F 2 screening with field insects collected from Winnsboro and Alexandria in Louisiana, and Stoneville in Mississippi during 2019–2020 29 . The availability of these resistant strains offers a unique opportunity to study the genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in H .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in five independent field‐derived strains of Helicoverpa zea in the US

Yang,

Head,

Kerns

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDPractical resistance of Helicoverpa zea to Cry proteins has become widespread in the US, making Vip3Aa the only effective Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein for controlling this pest. Understanding the genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in H. zea is essential in sustaining the long‐term efficacy of Vip3Aa. The objectives of this study were to characterize the inheritance of Vip3Aa resistance in four distinct field‐derived H. zea strains (M1‐RR, AC4‐RR, R2‐RR and R15‐RR), and to test for shared genetic basis among these strains and a previously characterized Texas resistant strain (LT#70‐RR).RESULTSMaternal effects and sex linkage were absent, and the effective dominance level (DML) was 0.0 across Vip3Aa39 concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 31.6 μg cm−2, in all H. zea resistant strains. Mendelian monogenic model tests indicated that Vip3Aa resistance in each of the four strains was controlled by a single gene. However, interstrain complementation tests indicated that three distinct genetic loci are involved in Vip3Aa resistance in the five resistant H. zea strains: one shared by M1‐RR and LT#70‐RR; another shared by R2‐RR and R15‐RR; and a distinct one for AC4‐RR.CONCLUSIONResults of this study indicate that Vip3Aa resistance in all H. zea strains was controlled by a single, recessive and autosomal gene. However, there were three distinct genetic loci associated with Vip3Aa resistance in the five resistant H. zea strains. The information generated from this study is valuable for exploring mechanisms of Vip3Aa resistance, monitoring the evolution of Vip3Aa resistance, and devising effective strategies for managing Vip3Aa resistance in H. zea. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insect Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insect Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Diverse genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in five independent field‐derived strains of Helicoverpa zea in the US

Yang,

Head,

Kerns

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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JAZ Genes in Cotton: Prospects for Improvements to Vegetative and Fibre Growth by Addressing Lepidopteran Herbivory Resistance Mechanisms

Rock,

Adhikari,

Parajulee

2024

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Evolution of insect resistance is the primary threat to the long‐term efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgene technologies. Plants have a deeply conserved defence response to pests: Jasmonic acid (JA) hormone signalling mediated by transcriptional repressors called JASMONATE‐ZIM‐DOMAIN/JAZ. JAZs normally limit expression of plant defence pathways, promoting assimilate partitioning towards growth and reproduction, by their carboxyl terminal Jas motif that antagonises MYeloCytomatosis (MYC) master transcription factor activities. Deletion, alternative splicing/intron retention, or disruption of the Jas motif results in JA insensitivity and increased resistance to pathogens including arthropod herbivores, for example by production of secondary metabolites and new leaves with higher trichome density. JA‐mediated trichome initiation and elongation also impact cotton fibre production. Since its release in 2017, the third‐generation stacked commercial Bt insecticidal Vip3A protein traits are increasingly under severe pressure for evolution of Helicoverpa zea (bollworm) resistance. Regional differences in efficacy of Bollgard ® 3 and WideStrike ® 3 against lepidopteran pests and increasing pesticide use are emerging issues. Future transgenic field control failures from bollworm infestations and incursions of Helicoverpa armigera from Central America are likely in the U.S. Cotton Belt. In this systematic primer on the problem, we take a conceptual approach to consider JAZ genes as means to leverage ‘internal’ host‐derived herbivore resistance in cotton. We consider the genetic redundancy and pleiotropic nature of JAZ master regulators on tissue‐specific growth, development, crosstalk with hormonal and small RNA pathways as nodes in networks, and limitations of JAZ efficacy due to fitness costs/growth trade‐offs versus prospects for enhancing resistance networks to orchestrate transgressive segregation (generation of extreme phenotypes in breeding progeny not seen in parental lines).

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Downregulation of a transcription factor associated with resistance to Bt toxin Vip3Aa in the invasive fall armyworm

Jin,

Shan,

Peng

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized control of some major pests. However, more than 25 cases of field-evolved practical resistance have reduced the efficacy of transgenic crops producing crystalline (Cry) Bt proteins, spurring adoption of alternatives including crops producing the Bt vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3Aa. Although practical resistance to Vip3Aa has not been reported yet, better understanding of the genetic basis of resistance to Vip3Aa is urgently needed to proactively monitor, delay, and counter pest resistance. This is especially important for fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ), which has evolved practical resistance to Cry proteins and is one of the world’s most damaging pests. Here, we report the identification of an association between downregulation of the transcription factor gene SfMyb and resistance to Vip3Aa in S. frugiperda . Results from a genome-wide association study, fine-scale mapping, and RNA-Seq identified this gene as a compelling candidate for contributing to the 206-fold resistance to Vip3Aa in a laboratory-selected strain. Experimental reduction of SfMyb expression in a susceptible strain using RNA interference (RNAi) or CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing decreased susceptibility to Vip3Aa, confirming that reduced expression of this gene can cause resistance to Vip3Aa. Relative to the wild-type promoter for SfMyb , the promoter in the resistant strain has deletions and lower activity. Data from yeast one-hybrid assays, genomics, RNA-Seq, RNAi, and proteomics identified genes that are strong candidates for mediating the effects of SfMyb on Vip3Aa resistance. The results reported here may facilitate progress in understanding and managing pest resistance to Vip3Aa.

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Resistance Allele Frequency of Helicoverpa zea to Vip3Aa Bacillus thuringiensis Protein in the Southeastern U.S.

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Diverse genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in five independent field‐derived strains of Helicoverpa zea in the US

Diverse genetic basis of Vip3Aa resistance in five independent field‐derived strains of Helicoverpa zea in the US

JAZ Genes in Cotton: Prospects for Improvements to Vegetative and Fibre Growth by Addressing Lepidopteran Herbivory Resistance Mechanisms

Downregulation of a transcription factor associated with resistance to Bt toxin Vip3Aa in the invasive fall armyworm

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