Resin composite cements: Current status and a novel classification proposal

Abstract

ObjectivesCurrently, a classification of resin cements that includes relatively recently formulated (“universal”) cements is lacking. Furthermore, the terminology used to define different resin cements in the scientific reports is inconsistent. Accordingly, this work aims to: (i) propose a novel classification of resin composite cements; (ii) disambiguate the term “universal cements” and (iii) present an overview of the properties of these cements.MethodsAn analysis of peer‐reviewed literature (PubMed search), as well as market research on definitive resin composite cements were performed.ResultsA tendency toward simplified and versatile luting materials was observed both in the scientific literature and on the dental market with the advent of self‐adhesive/one‐step resin cements. However, additional priming procedures were necessary to improve their bonding performance in certain clinical situations. Hence, several cements that can be applied both in adhesive and self‐adhesive mode were introduced. These cements are associated with a universal adhesive resin, that can be used as a tooth and/or restorative material primer, without the need for other priming systems, regardless of the substrate. These systems should be considered truly universal. Therefore, we hereby suggested a new classification of resin‐based cements: (1) adhesive/multi‐step; (2) self‐adhesive/one‐step; (3) universal cements (one‐ or multi‐step). Despite promising in vitro results, clinical trials and long‐track laboratory studies are necessary to confirm the reliability of the universal cements.ConclusionsThis review presented the current advances in the field of resin‐based cements, which are reflected in the proposed classification. The term “universal cement” was disambiguated, which will help standardize the terminology used in published research.Clinical SignificanceThe classification of resin‐based cements and a better understanding of the proper terminology will help standardize the terminology in published research, as well as improve the understanding of the clinical practitioners of the different indications and possible modalities of use of the available cements.

The power of light – From dental materials processing to diagnostics and therapeutics

“…In addition, unlike light-cured materials which allow curing on demand, the redox activation process of chemically cured materials occur on a different time scale (minutes or hours rather than seconds) and although this may be advantageous for stress relaxation [77], it may not meet modern clinical expectations for fast restorative procedures. So called 'dual-cure' materials are designed to leverage the benefits of both chemically cured and light cured materials and claim to offer a balance between temporal control, cure depths, speed, and adaptability in various applications but so far have mainly been used for core build-up and cementation only [78]. In these materials, both initiation systems work independently and the same limitation in terms of light transmission, mixing problems and setting times remain.…”

Influence of luting strategies on dentin bond performance of self-adhesive resin luting cement combined with a universal adhesive

“…RLCs are favored for their ability to establish strong adhesion between prepared teeth and indirect restorations, exhibiting superior mechanical properties; thus, they are considered the primary choice for luting brittle materials [1,2]. Although the classi cation of RLCs remains under debate, a 2023 study proposed a new classi cation based on luting steps with or without tooth primer/adhesive and the luting cement paste's self-adhesive ability, categorizing them as adhesive/multistep RLCs, self-adhesive/one-step RLCs, and universal cement/one-step or multistep RLCs [3]. Adhesive/multistep RLCs necessitate tooth primer or tooth primer and bonding agent application prior to luting, as they lack self-adhesive properties in their resin luting paste.…”

Selective adhesive luting: A novel technique for improving adhesion achieved by universal resin cements

“…Universal resin cements (URCs) represent the latest novelty in dental adhesive industry 10,11 . These materials can be used either in the self‐adhesive mode or in combination with their respective adhesive system, 12 depending on the clinical situation and dentist's preference.…”

“…9 Universal resin cements (URCs) represent the latest novelty in dental adhesive industry. 10,11 These materials can be used either in the selfadhesive mode or in combination with their respective adhesive system, 12 depending on the clinical situation and dentist's preference. According to a recent laboratory study, when a universal resin cement is used with its adhesive system (adhesive luting technique), increased bond-strength to both enamel and dentin were obtained.…”