ResilientWireless Sensor Networks Using Topology Control: A Review

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) may be deployed in failure-prone environments, and WSNs nodes easily fail due to unreliable wireless connections, malicious attacks and resource-constrained features. Nevertheless, if WSNs can tolerate at most losing k − 1 nodes while the rest of nodes remain connected, the network is called k − connected. k is one of the most important indicators for WSNs’ self-healing capability. Following a WSN design flow, this paper surveys resilience issues from the topology control and multi-path routing point of view. This paper provides a discussion on transmission and failure models, which have an important impact on research results. Afterwards, this paper reviews theoretical results and representative topology control approaches to guarantee WSNs to be k − connected at three different network deployment stages: pre-deployment, post-deployment and re-deployment. Multi-path routing protocols are discussed, and many NP-complete or NP-hard problems regarding topology control are identified. The challenging open issues are discussed at the end. This paper can serve as a guideline to design resilient WSNs.

Probability of Interference-Optimal and Energy-Efficient Analysis for Topology Control in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The Equation (4) indicates that in WSNs, the expectation of interference is ρπr 2 . Therefore, when the node density is constant, the interference will be decided by the node's coverage area.…”

“…The properties of WSNs-which contain hundreds or thousands of nodes-are limited by energy, bandwidth, computing capability, etc. [1][2][3][4]. Interference is an important factor of WSNs, affecting not only the data transmission efficiency, but also the energy consumption.…”

Connected Dominating Set Construction Algorithm for Wireless Networks Based on Connected Subset

“…Then we set the transmission range belong to the intervals which is from the interval [20,40] to the interval [80, 100]. The minimum as well as the maximum value of these intervals varies with the step as 5.…”

“…The methods in this paper can also lead us to the further research about MCDS construction. In [20], Y. Huang et al survey the techniques about building the k-connected network as well as constructing a multi-path routing, which is also beneficial to constructing a k-connected MCDS or backbone.…”

Probability Model Based Energy Efficient and Reliable Topology Control Algorithm

“…The latest surveys of network topology control algorithms can be found in [2,[9][10][11]. The primary goals of topology control are to guarantee the network connection and reduce the energy consumption as far as possible.…”