Resilient herders: A deeply stratified multiperiod habitation site in northwestern Mongolia

Houle, Jean-Luc; Seitsonen, Oula; Égüez, Natàlia; Broderick, Lee G.; García-Granero, Juan José; Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav

doi:10.1016/j.ara.2022.100371

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…From the data collected in this study, we cannot unequivocally determine whether wild deer (Cervus) were included in the blood identified in these vessels, however, either the sole collection of blood from domesticated herd animals, or the blood of both domesticated and wild species would be consistent with known subsistence practices. The use of domesticates in subsistence has been well-established through both zooarchaeological and biomolecular evidence 17 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 31 , 32 , however, wild deer remains have also been recovered from Mongolian archaeological contexts 17 , 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cauldrons of Bronze Age nomads reveals 2700 year old yak milk and the deep antiquity of food preparation techniques

Wilkin,

Bayarsaikhan,

Ganbold

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Cauldrons, vessels that are simultaneously common and enigmatic, offer insights into past cultural and social traditions. While assumed to possess a special function, what these cauldrons contained is still largely mysterious. These vessels, such as those made from bronze or copper alloys, function as reservoirs for ancient organics through the antibacterial qualities provided by the metal surfaces. Here we show, through protein analysis, that cauldrons from the Final Bronze Age (ca. 2700 BP) were primarily used to collect blood from ruminants, primarily caprines, likely for the production of sausages in a manner similar to contemporary practices in Mongolia’s rural countryside. Our findings present a different function from the recent findings of cooked meat in copper-alloy vessels from the northern Caucasus 2000 years earlier, exposing the diversity in food preparation techniques. Our secondary findings of bovine milk within the cauldron, including peptides specific to Bos mutus, pushes back their regional domestication into the Bronze Age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compounding this, strong steppe winds deflate the soil, eroding most archaeological deposits from accumulating 16 . Recently, studies of rare complete occupation sites have provided researchers with piecemeal faunal remains, yet these are often either too fragmentary or charred to be identified as domesticated or wild 17 , 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cauldrons of Bronze Age nomads reveals 2700 year old yak milk and the deep antiquity of food preparation techniques

Wilkin,

Bayarsaikhan,

Ganbold

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Mapping human mobility and analyzing spatial memory: palimpsest landscapes of movement in the Gobi-Altai Mountains, Mongolia

Zovo

Parcero‐Oubiña

González-García

et al. 2023

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

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Genome‐wide population affinities and signatures of adaptation in hydruntines, sussemiones and Asian wild asses

Pan,

Liu,

Baca

et al. 2024

Molecular Ecology

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The extremely rich palaeontological record of the horse family, also known as equids, has provided many examples of macroevolutionary change over the last ~55 Mya. This family is also one of the most documented at the palaeogenomic level, with hundreds of ancient genomes sequenced. While these data have advanced understanding of the domestication history of horses and donkeys, the palaeogenomic record of other equids remains limited. In this study, we have generated genome‐wide data for 25 ancient equid specimens spanning over 44 Ky and spread across Anatolia, the Caucasus, Central Asia and Mongolia. Our dataset includes the genomes from two extinct species, the European wild ass, Equus hydruntinus, and the sussemione Equus ovodovi. We document, for the first time, the presence of sussemiones in Mongolia and their survival around ~3.9 Kya, a finding that should be considered when discussing the timing of the first arrival of the domestic horse in the region. We also identify strong spatial differentiation within the historical ecological range of Asian wild asses, Equus hemionus, and incomplete reproductive isolation in several groups yet considered as different species. Finally, we find common selection signatures at ANTXR2 gene in European, Asian and African wild asses. This locus, which encodes a receptor for bacterial toxins, shows no selection signal in E. ovodovi, but a 5.4‐kb deletion within intron 7. Whether such genetic modifications played any role in the sussemione extinction remains unknown.

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Resilient herders: A deeply stratified multiperiod habitation site in northwestern Mongolia

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Cauldrons of Bronze Age nomads reveals 2700 year old yak milk and the deep antiquity of food preparation techniques

Cauldrons of Bronze Age nomads reveals 2700 year old yak milk and the deep antiquity of food preparation techniques

Mapping human mobility and analyzing spatial memory: palimpsest landscapes of movement in the Gobi-Altai Mountains, Mongolia

Genome‐wide population affinities and signatures of adaptation in hydruntines, sussemiones and Asian wild asses

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