Resiliency by Retrograded Communication-the Revival of Shortwave as a Military Communication Channel

Abstract

In the last three decades, the great powers have become increasingly dependent on satellite communication (SATCOM), very high frequency (VHF), and ultrahigh frequency providing high bandwidth line-of-sight communications. These military communication channels lack resilience because an electronic warfare (EW) campaign can affect both VHF and SATCOM simultaneously. The 1940s preferred spectrum, high frequency, with its different propagation patterns, offers an opportunity for military communication resiliency in the 21st century. The concept of retrograding could give an operational advantage and create the ability to sustain communication in EW saturated environment. & DEFENSE FORCES, COAST guard, homeland security, and emergency management agencies have, during the last decades, become dependent and reliant on stable communications providing ample bandwidth to support operations and information flow within the organization. The current deployed tactical and operational communication networks are highly dependent upon lineof-sight (LOS) communication utilizing very high frequency (VHF), ultrahigh frequency (UHF), and higher frequencies. The information grids are

Investigation of Two Prediction Models of Maximum Usable Frequency for HF Communication Based on Oblique- and Vertical-Incidence Sounding Data

“…In particular, it should be noted that HF radio applications are making a global comeback, as reported in 2020. Some countries are ramping up their capabilities in HF communications to ensure connectivity on the battlefield [6]. As a result, there is an increasing demand for HF radio applications to find a better model or improve the existing model.…”