“…Networks are resilient in the face of errors, failures, and external attacks (Albert, Jeong and Barabási, 2000b;Cohen et al, 2001;Gallos et al, 2005;Schneider et al, 2011;Gao, Barzel and Barabási, 2016;Eom, 2018;Laishram et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2019). The resilience is based on network structures that can be found in various social, ecological, and technological networks, including the World-Wide-Web (Cohen et al, 2000;Barnett and Jiang, 2016), power grid systems (Chen and Hero, 2014;Dong et al, 2018), the economy (Griffith and Chun, 2015), human health (Bastiampillai, Allison and Chan, 2013;Kong et al, 2015), cell networks (Wuchty, 2014;Zitnik et al, 2019), ecological networks (Janssen et al, 2006;Baggio et al, 2016;Donohue et al, 2016), and social networks (Newman and Dale, 2005;Phan and Airoldi, 2015;Fernández-Martínez et al, 2017), among others (Yoo and Yeo, 2016;Scheffer et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2019). Although local failures regularly occur within a network, they rarely lead to a collapse of networked systems with high connectivity, a small world structure, or scale-free degree distributions (Schneider et al, 2011;Gao, Barzel and Barabási, 2016;Eom, 2018).…”