Resilience of soybean cultivars to drought stress during flowering and early-seed setting stages

Poudel, Sadikshya; Vennam, Ranadheer Reddy; Shrestha, Amrit; Reddy, K. Raja; Wijewardane, Nuwan K.; Reddy, Krishna N.; Bheemanahalli, Raju

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28354-0

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Similarly, Poudel et al. 's (2023) study showed greater yields at optimum irrigation conditions as compared to suboptimal conditions. According to USDA‐NASS (2022), the average soybean yield in Mississippi was 3631 kg ha −1 (rainfed) and 4000 kg ha −1 (irrigated); our results under irrigated scenario are comparable to the Mississippi average yields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Optimizing nitrogen application rates for winter canola in Mississippi

Gajula,

Singh,

Kaur

et al. 2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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The production of canola (Brassica napus L.) in the United States is low, whereas the demand is high. Most US canola research is centered in the Midwest, with minimal to no research in Southern states including Mississippi. Therefore, a study was conducted in Mississippi to assess the feasibility of canola as a double crop with soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation and determine its optimum nitrogen (N) requirement. After canola was harvested, soybean was planted within the same experimental plots. In total, six N treatments (0 [control], 34, 67, 101, 135, and 168 kg N ha−1) were applied to canola and replicated four times across all site‐years in a randomized complete block design. The application of N increased seed yield, aboveground biomass, and N content compared to the control in canola. Across all site‐years, the highest seed yield was 1726 kg ha−1 at 168 kg N ha−1. Moreover, N uptake, plant height, and test weight were highest at 135 kg N ha−1, which were 76%, 21%, and 44% greater than control, respectively. Oil content and seed weight were inversely related to N rates indicating dilution with increased N. Overall, 141 kg N ha−1 was found to be the agronomic optimum nitrogen rate, and no further supplementation was deemed necessary to maximize canola yield in Mississippi. Additionally, the following soybean crop benefitted from the N applied to canola and produced greater yields. This study establishes that canola has the potential for double cropping without adversely affecting subsequent soybean yield, provided optimum N rates are applied.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Optimizing nitrogen application rates for winter canola in Mississippi

Gajula,

Singh,

Kaur

et al. 2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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“…The negative effect of drought on pollen germination was confirmed in multiple crops, e.g. in maize (Zea mays L.) (Bheemanahalli et al, 2022), soybean (Glycine max) (Poudel et al, 2023), and rice (Oryza sativa) (Rao et al, 2019). We did not measure precipitation at the sites, but data from a drought monitoring project by the Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (https://www.intersucho.cz/) show that the area where the highland sites were located consistently has higher soil water content than the lowland area, including during the time of our sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pollen thermotolerance of a widespread plant in response to climate warming: possible local adaptation of populations from different elevations

Hrubá

Biella

Klečka

2023

Preprint

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One of the most vulnerable phases in the plant life cycle is sexual reproduction, which depends on effective pollen transfer, but also on the viability of pollen grains. Pollen viability is temperature-dependent and may be reduced by increasing temperature associated with global warming. A growing body of research has focused on the effect of increased temperature on pollen viability in crops to understand the possible impact of temperature extremes on yield. But little is known about the effects of temperature on pollen viability of wild plant species. To fill this knowledge gap, we selected Lotus corniculatus (Fabaceae), a common species of many European habitats, to test its pollen viability in response to increasing temperature. To test for possible local adaptation of pollen thermal tolerance, we compared data from six lowland and six highland populations. We observed pollen germination in vitro at 15, 25, 30, and 40°C. While lowland plants had stable germination rate at a wide range of temperatures between 15 and 30°C, with reduced germination rate observed only at the extremely high values (i.e., 40°C), germination rate of highland plants was reduced already when the temperature reached 30°C, temperature commonly exceeded in the lowland during warm summers. This suggest that lowland populations of L. corniculatus may be locally adapted to higher temperature for pollen germination. On the other hand, pollen tube length decreased with increasing temperature in a similar way in lowland and highland plants. The overall average pollen germination rate significantly differed between lowland and highland populations, with highland populations surprisingly displaying higher germination rate. On the other hand, average pollen tube length was slightly smaller in highland populations. In conclusion, we found that pollen viability of L. corniculatus is reduced at high temperature and that the germination of pollen from plant populations growing at higher elevations is more sensitive to increased temperature, which suggests possible local adaptation of pollen thermal tolerance. Therefore, expanding the investigation of warming effects on pollen viability and sexual reproduction of wild plants should be a priority, since they may suffer from adverse effects of increasing temperature similarly to crops.

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“…For the yield parameters, cultivars 44-D49 were tolerant under drought and heat stress (Figure 6c). However, the cultivar DM45X61, which performed better in terms of physiology under individual heat and drought, did not show the highest rank for yield, possibly due to the negative impacts of the stress on the pollen viability and reproductive failure (Bheemanahalli et al, 2019;Poudel et al, 2023b). Meanwhile, under combined stress, the cultivar G4620RX, with the highest tolerance for physiological performance, showed better ranking for yield parameters (Figure 6a).…”

Section: Stress Tolerance Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure of soybean cultivars to drought stress during the reproductive and seed filling decreased seed number and weight (Poudel et al, 2023b). These decreases were associated with reduced stomatal conductance and increased canopy temperature under drought.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge from other crops has shown the impact of hot or dry events on growth, reproduction, and grain-filling processes (Bheemanahalli et al, 2022b). Stressors that disrupt the crucial developmental stages of soybean, such as pollination, fertilization, and seed formation, cannot be mitigated in later growth stages (Krishnan et al, 2020; Poudel et al, 2023b; a). Notably, the interaction of drought and heat around flowering disrupts reproductive success and physiological-biochemical functions associated with seed filling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Negative Synergistic Effects of Drought and Heat During Flowering and Seed Setting in Soybean

Poudel,

Vennam,

Sankarapillai

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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Rising temperatures and intense heatwaves combined with lower precipitations are the new norms of current global scenarios. These altered climatic conditions negatively impact soybean yield potential and quality. Ten soybean cultivars were subjected to four different growing conditions: control, drought, heat, and combined heat and drought to understand the physiological, yield, and molecular changes. Stomatal conductance was reduced by 62% and 10% under drought and heat, respectively. This reduction was further exacerbated to 93% when exposed to both stresses simultaneously. The highest canopy temperature was recorded at +8 oC with combinatorial treatments, whereas heat and drought exhibited +5.4 oC and +2 oC, respectively. Furthermore, combined stress displayed a more pronounced negative impact on greenness-associated vegetative index; the gene expression analysis further corroborated these findings. Particularly, each oC increase in temperature during flowering-seed filling reduced seed weight by ~7% and ~4% with and without drought, respectively. The seed protein increased under drought, whereas the oil showed a converse trend under drought and combined stresses. Most physiology and yield traits showed no significant correlations between control or individual and combined stress. This suggests that selection for combinatorial stress may not be appropriate based on nonstress or individual stress performance. Thus, incorporating stress-resilient traits into elite soybean cultivars could significantly boost soybean production under hot and dry climatic conditions.

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Resilience of soybean cultivars to drought stress during flowering and early-seed setting stages

Cited by 38 publications

References 70 publications

Optimizing nitrogen application rates for winter canola in Mississippi

Optimizing nitrogen application rates for winter canola in Mississippi

Pollen thermotolerance of a widespread plant in response to climate warming: possible local adaptation of populations from different elevations

Negative Synergistic Effects of Drought and Heat During Flowering and Seed Setting in Soybean

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