Resilience of bacteria, archaea, fungi and N-cycling microbial guilds under plough and conservation tillage, to agricultural drought

Kaurin, Anela; Mihelič, R.; Kastelec, Damijana; Grčman, Helena; Bru, David; Philippot, Laurent; Suhadolc, M.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.02.007

Cited by 58 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The single microbial community biomass response to tillage was a reduction in fungal gene copies in soil under conventional tillage; however, differences were limited to the wheat phase at the 0 to 10 cm depth. Kaurin et al (2018) demonstrated similar results in a higher precipitation region (913 mm yr −1 ), where fungal ITS gene copy numbers were significantly lower in soil managed under conventional rather than minimum tillage in the top 0 to 10 cm of soil but no difference was observed at the 10 to 20 cm depth. The difference in biomass between the two tillage regimes was attributed to greater organic C in the minimum‐tilled soils (Kaurin et al, 2018); however, this cannot account for the differences in fungal abundance in the current study, as none of the chemical parameters varied under wheat cropping between the tillage regimes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Kaurin et al (2018) demonstrated similar results in a higher precipitation region (913 mm yr −1 ), where fungal ITS gene copy numbers were significantly lower in soil managed under conventional rather than minimum tillage in the top 0 to 10 cm of soil but no difference was observed at the 10 to 20 cm depth. The difference in biomass between the two tillage regimes was attributed to greater organic C in the minimum‐tilled soils (Kaurin et al, 2018); however, this cannot account for the differences in fungal abundance in the current study, as none of the chemical parameters varied under wheat cropping between the tillage regimes. The sensitivity of fungi to tillage intensification with conventional and reduced tillage has also been observed in other studies through metrics of fatty acid biomarkers (Drijber et al, 2000; Frey et al, 1999; van Groenigen et al, 2010) and microscopic observations (Kabir et al, 1997; van Groenigen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Tillage intensity also has various effects on the biological properties of soils through changes to the soil habitat (e.g., soil porosity, soil water content, residue distribution, and substrate availability) (Kaurin et al, 2018; Linn and Doran, 1984; Salinas‐García et al, 2002; Young and Ritz, 2000; Zuber and Villamil, 2016). Intensive tillage, with multiple harrowing and rodweeding operations, inverts and mixes soil at 12‐ to 24‐cm depths.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Soil Microbial and Chemical Properties of a Minimum and Conventionally Tilled Wheat–Fallow System

Reardon¹,

Wuest²,

Melle³

et al. 2019

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Tillage alters the soil environment and microbial communities responsible for decomposition and nutrient cycling. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tillage intensity (minimum vs. conventional) on the soil chemical and microbial properties of a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow rotation in the low‐precipitation zone of the Pacific Northwest. Soils collected for 2 yr at two depths from both crop phases (wheat and fallow) were analyzed for pH, nutrient availability, total C and N, fungal and bacterial gene abundance, and enzyme activity related to C, P, and N cycling. All soil variables excluding soil pH were significantly greater in the top 10 cm of the soil. Except for pH and nitrate, all were greater in 2016 than in 2017. Across the full rotation, tillage did not affect any measured parameter. Instead, crop phase influenced several soil chemical properties and arylamidase activity, although the effects were not consistent across depth. Fungal abundance was influenced by tillage intensity but only in the top depth under wheat, indicating a phase‐specific effect rather than a change persisting across the entire rotation. Soil enzymes were strongly related to total C, total N, and phosphate across the two soil depths, but effects were inconsistent between depths and across phases. Overall, crop phase and year were stronger drivers of soil chemical and microbial properties than tillage intensity. Short‐term (<4 yr) tillage intensification does not have a strong influence on the nutrient cycling capacity of soil, although fungal numbers may decline in the cropped phase. Core Ideas Tillage intensification did not induce strong changes in soil properties. Sample year and depth were significant factors impacting soil chemistry and biology. Wheat‐cropped soil had more fungal DNA under minimum than conventional tillage. Impacts of tillage were minor and limited to comparisons within each crop phase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Microbial and Chemical Properties of a Minimum and Conventionally Tilled Wheat–Fallow System

Reardon¹,

Wuest²,

Melle³

et al. 2019

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Soil samples taken randomly from the top 0-30 cm horizon of the experimental field before planting were analyzed according to Ryan, et al 55 . The texture of the soil used was clay loam with pH of 7.8, CaCO 3 25.2%, organic matter content 1.2%, available P 20 kg ha −1 [0.5 M NaHCO 3 extractable P 2 O 5 56 ], plant-available S 3.1 µg g −1 [0.01 M CaCl 2 extractable SO 4 −2 -S 57 ] and electrical conductivity of saturation extract 1.1 dS m −1 . The soil had field capacity 32.6%, permanent wilting point 25.6% and dry bulk density 1.37 g cm −3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur-enriched leonardite and humic acid soil amendments enhance tolerance to drought and phosphorus deficiency stress in maize (Zea mays L.)

Kaya

Şenbayram

Akram

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

118

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Soil amendments are known to promote several plant growth parameters. In many agro-ecosystems, water scarcity and drought induced phosphorus deficiency limits crop yield significantly. Considering the climate change scenario, drought and related stress factors will be even more severe endangering the global food security. Therefore, two parallel field trials were conducted to examine at what extent soil amendment of leonardite and humic acid would affect drought and phosphorus tolerance of maize. The treatments were: control (C: 100% A pan and 125 kg P ha −1), P deficiency (phosphorus stress (PS): 62.5 kg P ha −1), water deficit stress (water stress (WS): 67% A pan), and PS + WS (67% A pan and 62.5 kg P ha −1). Three organic amendments were (i) no amendment, (ii) 625 kg S + 750 kg leonardite ha −1 and (iii) 1250 kg S + 37.5 kg humic acid ha −1) tested on stress treatments. Drought and p deficiency reduced plant biomass, grain yield, chlorophyll content, F v /F m , RWC and antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), but increased electrolyte leakage and leaf H 2 o 2 in maize plants. The combined stress of drought and P deficiency decreased further related plant traits. Humic acid and leonardite enhanced leaf P and yield in maize plants under PS. A significant increase in related parameters was observed with humic acid and leonardite under WS. The largest increase in yield and plant traits in relation to humic acid and leonardite application was observed under combined stress situation. The use of sulfur-enriched amendments can be used effectively to maintain yield of maize crop in water limited calcareous soils. The global climate change simulations suggest fresh water availability will further deplete in many rainfed and irrigated agricultural areas 1 and thus, threatens food security 2. Although hydrological, meteorological and agricultural droughts occur simultaneously and are interrelated with each other, agricultural drought is believed to be the most common 3,4. Water stress causes a variety of responses from physiological to molecular in plants, allowing them to acclimate to harsh ecological conditions 5. Drought susceptibility of plants differs according to the plant species, stress level, and growth stages 6. Considerable yield gaps have been noticed in agricultural systems 7,8 and the availability of good quality water and mineral nutrients is critical for overcoming these yield gaps 9-11. This is principally reasonable for maize crop, one of the main cereals of the globe, covering 26% and 37% of the total cereal cultivated area and production, respectively 12. Maize is known as one of the highest water-requiring crops. Water deficiency imposed at any stage of its development can reduce grain yield significantly 13,14. As it is a fast-growing crop, its requirement for essential nutrients is also high and deficiency of any of the plant nutrients may lead to hamper growth and decrease yield 15. Maize is particularly susceptible to P deficiency, which can suppress growth and grain...

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“…For resilience, Shade et al () and Shade, Read, et al () demonstrated that microbial communities had a capacity to recover in a very short time after water mixing in lake ecosystems in contrast to the results from Allison and Martiny (), but there are no results related to the resistance and resilience of microbial functions before and after water mixing events in their study. Some studies have also investigated microbial resistance and resilience to drought stress in different ecosystems, for example, the response of microbial interactions to drought stress in grasslands (de Vries et al, ), the response of microbial composition and diversity and of microbial N cycling genes to drought stress in agricultural soils (Kaurin et al, ), and the response of microbial diversity and carbon mineralization to drought stress in forestry or other ecosystems (Bastida et al, ; de Nijs, Hicks, Leizeaga, Tietema, & Rousk, ; Guillot, Hinsinger, Dufour, Roy, & Bertrand, ; von Rein et al, ). Generally, these studies showed that drought stress produced negative effects on microbial resistance and resilience and that fungi were more sensitive to ecosystem disturbances or drought, yet rarely few reports, by our knowledge, are related to microbial community and their activities in response to intense human activities at large scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial resistance and resilience in response to environmental changes under the higher intensity of human activities than global average level

Huang

Bai

Wen

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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With the increasing intensity of global human activities, the ecosystem function, which is supported by the microbial community, will be dramatically changed and impaired. To investigate microbial resistance and resilience of microbial communities to human activities, we chose two typical types of human disturbances, urbanization, and reclamation under the higher intensity of human activities than the global average level. We examined microbial traits, including the abundance, diversity, phylogeny, and co‐occurrence interactions in soil microbial communities, together with the nitrification activities observed in the subtropical coastal ecosystem of the Pearl River Estuary and in soil microcosm experiments. Microbial communities were less resistant to the environmental changes caused by urbanization than to those caused by reclamation, which was significantly reflected in the nitrogen and/or carbon‐related patterns. However, most of the microbial traits could be recovered almost to the original level without significant differences in the microcosm after 40 days of incubation. The co‐occurrence interactions between nitrifiers and other microbial communities were dramatically changed and could not be completely recovered, but this change did not affect their nitrification activities for balancing the ammonium in the soil to the original level during the recovery stage, suggesting that the interactions between microbial communities might have fewer effects on their activities than previously thought. This study quantitatively demonstrated that microbial communities as a whole can recover to a status similar to the original state in a short time after the removal of stress at a large ecosystem scale even under the higher intensity of human activities than global average level in coastal ecosystems, which implied a strong recovery capacity of soil microbial community even after intense human disturbance.

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Resilience of bacteria, archaea, fungi and N-cycling microbial guilds under plough and conservation tillage, to agricultural drought

Cited by 58 publications

References 78 publications

Soil Microbial and Chemical Properties of a Minimum and Conventionally Tilled Wheat–Fallow System

Soil Microbial and Chemical Properties of a Minimum and Conventionally Tilled Wheat–Fallow System

Sulfur-enriched leonardite and humic acid soil amendments enhance tolerance to drought and phosphorus deficiency stress in maize (Zea mays L.)

Microbial resistance and resilience in response to environmental changes under the higher intensity of human activities than global average level

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