Resilience Assessment of Urban Communities

Abstract

The multiple uncertainties of both natural and man-made disasters have prompted increased attention in the topic of resilience engineering. In this paper, an indicator-based method for measuring urban community resilience is proposed. The method is based on the PEOPLES framework, which is a hierarchical framework for defining disaster resilience of communities at various scales. It consists of seven dimensions summarized with the acronym PEOPLES: Population; Environment; Organized governmental services; Physical infrastructures; Lifestyle; Economic; and Social capital. Each of the dimensions is split into several components and indicators, which have been derived by the authors or collected from a wide range of literature. Each indicator is represented using a performance function, which portrays the functionality of the indicator in time. Higher functionality of the indicator leads to higher resilience of the community. These functions can be constructed in a systematic manner using damage and restoration parameters. The aggregation of the performance functions, passing through the different hierarchical levels of PEOPLES framework, leads to one function that represents the dynamic performance of the analysed community. This paper also introduces a matrix-based interdependency technique that serves as a weighting scheme for the different indicators. As a case study, the proposed methodology is applied to the city of San Francisco for which a resilience curve and a resilience metric have been computed.

Flood Resilience of Housing Infrastructure Modeling and Quantification Using a Bayesian Belief Network

“…Several methodologies have been proposed for the proper quantification of resilience, such as probabilistic methods [14,22,23], graph theory methods [24,25], fuzzy logic methods [26], and analytical methods [27,28]. A "PEOPLES" (Population and demographics, Environmental and ecosystem, Organized governmental services, Physical infrastructure, Lifestyle and community competence, Economic development, Social cultural capital) factor-based framework for resilience quantification at different scales was also proposed [7,8]. To keep the sustainability of a structure against Social infrastructure resilience is the ability of societies to resist the effects of a disaster and mainly depends on the population of the community, physical health conditions, literacy or education level, and economic conditions.…”

“…Therefore, determining the reliability of infrastructure involves considering parameters based on robustness and redundancy, and similarly, determining the recoverability of infrastructure involves considering parameters based on rapidity and resourcefulness. Figure 2 represents the generalized performance of a system/infrastructure ov service life [7,8], where A represents the initial condition of a system (which is gene considered to be 100% performance); AB and DE represent the gradual degradatio system performance due to operational conditions; BC represents a sudden dro system performance due to a disaster, which is also known as loss; CT1 represent robustness of a system; T1T2 represents the time required for the recovery of the sys CD represents the recovery profile of the system. Figure 2 shows that, initially system/infrastructure performance degrades with time due to natural causes.…”

Resilience Quantification of Large-Scale Water Distribution Networks: A Probabilistic Approach

“…The resilience of a community is defined as the ability of its physical and non-physical infrastructure to return to their original functionality level within a reasonable time following a disaster (Ellingwood et al 2016). Recently, much effort has been made to develop general procedures to assess the resilience of existing communities (Bruneau et al 2003;Kammouh et al 2019;Kammouh et al 2018c), and more specific approaches for infrastructure resilience, such as the transportation infrastructure (Kammouh et al 2018a;Nogal and Honfi 2019;Nogal et al 2016;Nogal et al 2017), water infrastructure (Pagano et al 2019;Soldi et al 2015), and building infrastructure Zamani Noori et al 2017). The restoration time of communities and infrastructure is one of the main components of resilience; thus, some works focused solely on the assessment of the restoration time of infrastructure (De Iuliis et al 2019;De Iuliis et al 2020;Kammouh et al 2018b).…”

Emergency Evacuation Plan for Hazardous Chemicals Leakage Accidents Using GIS-based Risk Analysis Techniques in South Korea

“…A close cooperation system is needed to prevent and respond to chemical accidents for regions with a high concentration of petrochemical factories [19,20]. Particularly, toxic gases may be released and spread to nearby workspaces, and in some cases, the spread of toxic gases is fast and evacuating to faraway places is impossible.…”