Resilience and indicators of adjustment during rehabilitation from a spinal cord injury.

White, Brian; Driver, Simon; Warren, Ann Marie

doi:10.1037/a0018451

Cited by 179 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, evidence is weak and based on single studies. High spirituality and PIL were associated with higher life satisfaction and well-being, 63,84,85 better mental health 84 and adjustment 86 and, as shown in longitudinal research, reduced mortality. 87 Spirituality was not associated with functional independence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…87 Spirituality was not associated with functional independence. 84 Both, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies indicated changes in spirituality after SCI, 53,84 and similar spirituality levels to persons with other health conditions. 88,89 One large study reported significant but low correlations of PIL with health locus of control and various personality attributes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

et al. 2011

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Study design: Systematic literature review. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to gain a systematic overview of the role of psychological resources in the adjustment to spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A systematic literature review was performed. The literature search was conducted in the databases Pubmed, PsycINFO, the Social Sciences Citation Index, the Education Resources Information Center, Embase and the Citation Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature. The assessed variables, measurement instruments, results and the methodological quality of the studies were extracted, summarized and evaluated. Results: A total of 83 mainly cross-sectional studies were identified. Psychological resources were categorized into seven groups: self-efficacy (SE), self-esteem, sense of coherence (SOC), spirituality, optimism, intellect and other personality characteristics. SE and self-esteem were consistently associated with positive adjustment indicators such as high well-being and better mental health. Interrelations between psychological resources and key rehabilitation outcome variables such as participation were rarely studied. Only a few interventions, which were aimed at strengthening psychological resources were identified. Longitudinal studies suggested that SE, SOC, spirituality and purpose in life were potential determinants of adjustment outcomes in the long term. Conclusion: Research on psychological resources in SCI is broad, but fragmented. Associations of psychological resources with mental health and well-being were frequently shown, while associations with participation were rarely studied. Further development of resource-based interventions to strengthen persons with SCI is indicated. This review can serve as guide for clinical practice and can add to the design of future SCI research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

et al. 2011

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“…8 Despite its relative importance in the psychological adjustment process, the process of resilience post-SCI has been relatively understudied. 6,8 Furthermore, there are conflicting findings relating to the cognitive, behavioural and injury-specific variables that may offer protection and enhance the adjustment process. 8 For example, it is argued that the permanent and physical constraints associated with SCI contribute to poor self-efficacy with regard to pain management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Although researchers have made important contributions towards identifying negative outcomes for individuals with SCI using the deficit-based paradigm, 2 it has not assisted researchers in finding ways to prevent psychological problems from developing. 2,6,7 In comparison, the strength-based model of mental health, which evolved from the positive psychology movement, focuses on the variables that buffer against mental illness. 2,8 The strength-based model has also introduced concepts such as 'resilience' in the rehabilitation literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,8 Researching resilience is important because it enables practitioners to understand why and how up to 54% of individuals with SCI report a life trajectory characterised by relatively stable and healthy levels of psychological and social functioning. [6][7][8] Moreover, the literature emphasises that the personal thoughts and behaviours that contribute to resilience are modifiable and can be improved with psychological treatment. 8 Despite its relative importance in the psychological adjustment process, the process of resilience post-SCI has been relatively understudied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining factors that contribute to the process of resilience following spinal cord injury

2013

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Study design: Cross-sectional survey. Objective: To examine factors that contribute to the process of positive adjustment, or resilience, in an adult community sample with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: South Australian Spinal Cord Injury Service, Hampstead Rehabilitation Centre, South Australia, Australia Methods: A postal survey comprising standardised measures of resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 item), self-efficacy (Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale), locus of control (Locus of Control of Behaviour Scale) and psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 item). Results: Of 60 respondents, 58% reported moderate to high levels of resilience. Resilience correlated significantly with high selfefficacy (r ¼ 0.68, Po0.01), internal locus of control (r ¼ À0.52, Po0.01) and low psychological distress (depression r ¼ À0.68, Po0.01; anxiety r ¼ À0.55, Po0.01; stress r ¼ À0.67, Po0.01). In comparison, resilience was not significantly influenced by degree of neuropathic pain (r ¼ À0.23, P40.05), time since injury (r ¼ À0.14, P40.05), gender (t (58) ¼ À0.92, P40.05), lesion completeness (t (57) ¼ À0.86, P40.05), or SCI diagnosis (t (58) ¼ À1.21, P40.05). A multiple regression indicated that psychological distress and self-efficacy were the only two variables that uniquely contributed to resilient behaviour. Conclusion: Resilience is an important psychological process in the longer-term management of SCI which can be promoted by targeting rehabilitation interventions towards mood management in addition to self efficacy beliefs. Larger-scale research will help to validate these results.

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Association Between 6-Week Postdischarge Risk Classification and 12-Month Outcomes After Orthopedic Trauma

Castillo¹,

Huang²,

Scharfstein³

et al. 2019

JAMA Surg

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IMPORTANCE Numerous studies have demonstrated that long-term outcomes after orthopedic trauma are associated with psychosocial and behavioral health factors evident early in the patient's recovery. Little is known about how to identify clinically actionable subgroups within this population.OBJECTIVES To examine whether risk and protective factors measured at 6 weeks after injury could classify individuals into risk clusters and evaluate whether these clusters explain variations in 12-month outcomes.

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Resilience and indicators of adjustment during rehabilitation from a spinal cord injury.

Abstract: Future studies that focus on developing interventions and examine the factors that predict resilience could help build resilience, which in turn may improve rehabilitation outcomes.

Cited by 179 publications

References 56 publications

Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

Examining factors that contribute to the process of resilience following spinal cord injury

Association Between 6-Week Postdischarge Risk Classification and 12-Month Outcomes After Orthopedic Trauma

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