Resilience and Cognitive Function in Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, and Healthy Controls

Deng, Mengjie; Pan, Yunzhi; Zhou, Li; Chen, Xudong; Liu, Chang; Huang, Xiaojun; Tao, Hongwei; Pu, Weidan; Wu, Guowei; Hu, Xing; He, Zhihui; Zhang, Xue; Liu, Zhening; Rosenheck, Robert A.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00279

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The social-cognitive bias score was higher in the UHR group than in the other two groups, yet not significantly so. This finding is not compatible with previous findings of bias in UHR (40, 73) and first-episode groups (73). However, it may be derived from the differences of hostility perception and blaming bias scoring; the AIHQ scoring in the previous study was related to the ambiguous situations, and not to the intentional and accidental ones.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Since higher reflective self factor score implies lower self-esteem and resilience and higher anhedonia, the score of the HC group was the lowest of the three groups, as expected. This finding was compatible with previous reports of lower resilience and self-esteem in patient groups (38, 73). The UHR group showed higher reflective self score than the ROSPR group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Factors Associated With Psychosocial Functioning and Outcome of Individuals With Recent-Onset Schizophrenia and at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

et al. 2019

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Background: Patients with schizophrenia have impairments in social functioning and are readmitted to healthcare institutions frequently. Individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis already present poor social functioning; among those individuals, the conversion rate from the putative prodromal phase to overt psychosis is 20%–30% within 1–2 years. Here, we analyzed the factor structure of self-related variables and neuro- and socio-cognitive function, and investigated whether these factors were associated with psychosocial function and prognostic outcome in individuals with recent-onset schizophrenia (ROSPR) or at UHR for psychosis. Methods: We evaluated 60 individuals at UHR for psychosis, 47 individuals with ROSPR, and 71 healthy controls using a comprehensive neurocognitive test battery and self-reported attribution scales, self-esteem, resilience, aberrant subjective experiences of schizotypy (physical anhedonia, social anhedonia, magical ideation, and perceptual aberration), and basic symptoms. We assessed psychosocial function with the Quality of Life Scale (QLS). Results: Factor analysis of all subjects revealed a four-factor structure comprising social-cognitive bias, reflective self, neurocognition, and pre-reflective self factors. Multiple regression analysis at baseline revealed that the factor structure predicted QLS. In the UHR group, social-cognitive bias, reflective self, neurocognition, and negative symptoms were significant determinants, explaining 38.0% of total QLS score variance. In the ROSPR group, reflective self and negative symptoms were significant determinants, explaining 54.4% of total QLS score variance. During follow-up, 13 individuals at UHR for psychosis developed psychosis (cumulative prevalence: 31.2% ± 7.6% at 6 years), with neurocognition score at baseline remaining a significant predictor of conversion [χ 2 (1) = 4.009, p = 0.045; hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.31–0.99, p = 0.048]. Five patients with schizophrenia were (re)admitted during follow-up (cumulative prevalence: 16.1% ± 7.1% at 6 years); no factor was found to predict (re)admission. Conclusion: Factor analysis revealed an intrinsic four-factor structure of social-cognitive bias, reflective self, neurocognition, and pre-reflective self. The four factors were associated with social functioning at baseline and prodrome-to-psychosis conversion during follow-up, indicating the clinical significance of the four-factor structure. These findings provide a framework for understanding schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Factors Associated With Psychosocial Functioning and Outcome of Individuals With Recent-Onset Schizophrenia and at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

et al. 2019

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“…Dosages of antipsychotics in all patients were converted to chlorpromazine equivalence (28). In addition, all participants completed the Information (WAIS-I) and Digit Symbol (WAIS-DS) subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (29), which measure two important domains of cognitive functions, verbal comprehension and processing speed, respectively (30,31).…”

Section: Subjects and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Temporal Variability of Local and Large-Scale Resting-State Brain Functional Connectivity Patterns in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2020

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Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share some common clinical features and are both characterized by aberrant resting-state functional connectivity (FC). However, little is known about the common and specific aberrant features of the dynamic FC patterns in these two disorders. In this study, we explored the differences in dynamic FC among schizophrenia patients (n = 66), type I bipolar disorder patients (n = 53), and healthy controls (n = 66), by comparing temporal variabilities of FC patterns involved in specific brain regions and large-scale brain networks. Compared with healthy controls, both patient groups showed significantly increased regional FC variabilities in subcortical areas including the thalamus and basal ganglia, as well as increased inter-network FC variability between the thalamus and sensorimotor areas. Specifically, more widespread changes were found in the schizophrenia group, involving increased FC variabilities in sensorimotor, visual, attention, limbic and subcortical areas at both regional and network levels, as well as decreased regional FC variabilities in the default-mode areas. The observed alterations shared by schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may help to explain their overlapped clinical features; meanwhile, the schizophrenia-specific abnormalities in a wider range may support that schizophrenia is associated with more severe functional brain deficits than bipolar disorder. Together, these findings highlight the potentials of using dynamic FC as an objective biomarker for the monitoring and diagnosis of either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

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“…A previous study revealed that resilience negatively correlated with negative indicators of mental health and positively did with positive indicators of it 1. Furthermore, a previous study described that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients showed a lower level of resilience than healthy people 7. As for eating disorders, it was reported that resilience predicted improvement in psychological health and social relationship domains of quality of life and reduction of eating disorder symptoms over time 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Clinical factors influencing resilience in patients with anorexia nervosa</p>

Kane

Tomotake

Hamatani

et al. 2019

NDT

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PurposeThis study was to elucidate clinical factors influencing resilience in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients.Patients and methodsTwenty female patients with AN (median age =30.0 years, quartile deviation =6.8) and 40 female healthy controls (HCs) (median age =30.0 years, quartile deviation =8.6) participated in the present study. Resilience was assessed with the Connor– Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Clinical symptoms were evaluated with the structured interview guide for the Hamilton depression rating scale (SIGH-D) and the eating disorder inventory-2 (EDI-2).ResultsScores of the CD-RISC in the AN group were lower than those in the HC group, and the SIGH-D score in the AN group was higher than that in the HC group. Scores of interoceptive confusion, interpersonal difficulty and negative self-image subscales of the EDI-2 negatively correlated with the CD-RISC score. Moreover, stepwise regression analysis showed that negative self-image score was an independent predictor of the CD-RISC score.ConclusionThese results suggest that among these clinical factors including psychopathologies, self-dissatisfaction and feeling of being rejected by others are the most important influencing factors on an AN patients’ resilience.

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Resilience and Cognitive Function in Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, and Healthy Controls

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Factors Associated With Psychosocial Functioning and Outcome of Individuals With Recent-Onset Schizophrenia and at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Factors Associated With Psychosocial Functioning and Outcome of Individuals With Recent-Onset Schizophrenia and at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Altered Temporal Variability of Local and Large-Scale Resting-State Brain Functional Connectivity Patterns in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

<p>Clinical factors influencing resilience in patients with anorexia nervosa</p>

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