Residues of<i>para</i>-dichlorobenzene in honey and beeswax

Bogdanov, Stefan; Kilchenmann, Verena; Seiler, K.; Pfefferli, Hildegard; Frey, T. H.; Roux, B.; Wenk, P.; Noser, J.

doi:10.1080/00218839.2004.11101102

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These methods include chalkbrood resistant bee lines, improved management and sanitation practices, and use of ecologically safe natural products. Considering that dependence on synthetic pesticides and antimicrobials could lead to general deterioration of the colony environment and bee health in general, it is advisable to minimize use of pesticides inside and outside of bee colonies (Bogdanov et al, 1998(Bogdanov et al, , 2004Frazier et al, 2008).…”

Section: Disease Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These practices include supplemental feeding to improve the nutritional and health status of bees, keeping hives clean and well ventilated (Seal, 1957;Gochnauer et al, 1975), using clean equipment, replacing storage and brood combs annually, and avoiding transfer of combs between colonies (Betts, 1951;Nelson and Gochnauer, 1982;Koenig et al, 1986;Malonova and Titera, 1995;Flores et al, 2005a,b). An additional benefit to replacing old combs is that they often contain residual pesticides (Bogdanov et al, 1998(Bogdanov et al, , 2004.…”

Section: Management and Sanitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chalkbrood disease in honey bees

Aronstein

Murray

2010

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

217

146

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Section: Disease Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Management and Sanitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chalkbrood disease in honey bees

Aronstein

Murray

2010

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

217

146

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“…The highest concentration was found in pork meat at 200 mg kg À1 . Honey was also contaminated (Hamman et al 1990, Wallner 1992, Bogdanov et al 2004, Tananaki et al 2005. The earliest recommendation for the use of p-DCB and naphthalene in Greek beekeeping books goes back to 1947 (Nikolaidis 1947).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(Hamman et al 1990, Wallner 1992, Bogdanov et al 2004). DBE, p-DCB and naphthalene are highly volatile substances, are readily absorbed by beeswax and then are transferred into the stored honey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Contamination of honey by chemicals applied to protect honeybee combs from wax-moth (Galleria mellonelaL.)

Tananaki¹,

Thrasyvoulou²,

Karazafiris³

et al. 2006

Food Additives and Contaminants

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Greek honey was monitored during a three-year surveillance program for residues of chemicals used to protect honey-bee combs from wax-moth. A total of 115 samples purchased from stores (commercial samples) and 1060 samples collected from beekeepers (bulk samples) were analysed for 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB), 1,2-dibromoethane (DBE) and naphthalene. A purge & trap-gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer system was used for the analysis. During the first year of the study, 82.9% of the commercial samples had residues of p-DCB that exceeded the established limit of 10 microg kg(-1), whilst during the second year 53.6% and during the third 30% exceeded the limit. The percentage of beekeepers samples that had more than 10 microg kg(-1) decreased from 46.6 to 34.7% and 39.8% respectively during the three consecutive years of analysis. Only one commercial sample (0.8%) had residues of DBE that exceeded 10 microg kg(-1) during the three years study, while 9.9% of the beekeepers samples exceeded this limit in 2003. This percentage fell to 1.9 and 2.8% during the following years. Naphthalene was found in more commercial samples than in samples from beekeepers during the first year, but decreased to similar levels during the next two years. Honeys that are produced earlier in the season are more contaminated those produced later.

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“…Such a practice can lead to residues in honey (Seiler et al 2003 ;Bogdanov et al 2004a ;Beyoglu and Omurtag 2007 ). The use of chemical repellents like phenol could be another source of contamination (Jeanne 1999 ).…”

Section: Pesticides and Environmental Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quality Control of Honey and Bee Products

Reybroeck

2014

Beekeeping for Poverty Alleviation and Livelihood Security

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As a natural product of a relatively high price, honey has been a target for adulteration for a long time. Addition of sweeteners, mis-description of botanical source of honey, high moisture content, or subsequent addition of water which can result in honey fermentation and spoilage and the use of excessive heat in honey processing for liquefaction or pasteurization are the major issues related to honey quality and authenticity. Interestingly, the majority of the production of honey takes place in developing countries, while the developed countries are the largest consumers but honey imported from these countries has a lower price than the locally produced honey, and is therefore prone to mislabelling because of economic reasons. This international trade is under tremendous pressure and the export of honey from these countries is facing surging issues related to its authenticity. Since then the honey quality issues have become imperative and critical. According to the defi nition in the FAO Codex Standard for honey (Anonymous 2001 ) and in the European honey standard (Council Directive 2001/110/EC) honey shall not contain any food ingredient other than honey itself nor shall any particular constituent be removed from it. Many methods are employed for analysis of honey. Among them, moisture content, electrical conductivity, optical rotation, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) provide a good information value about honey quality for beekeepers and various stakeholders dealing with honey.

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Residues ofpara-dichlorobenzene in honey and beeswax

Cited by 36 publications

References 3 publications

Chalkbrood disease in honey bees

Chalkbrood disease in honey bees

Contamination of honey by chemicals applied to protect honeybee combs from wax-moth (Galleria mellonelaL.)

Quality Control of Honey and Bee Products

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